@article {83190, title = {Oregon shellfish farmers: Perceptions of stressors, adaptive strategies, and policy linkages}, journal = {Ocean and Coastal Management}, volume = {234}, number = {106475}, year = {2023}, note = {The demand for oysters in the United States exceeds supply, marking the oyster growing as an industry meriting support. On the west coast, growers must cope with climate change, particularly ocean acidification, as well as regulatory problems and labor shortages. In order to help resource managers help oyster farmers, the authors of this paper went to the growers. In 2022, they conducted detailed interviews with Oregon oyster growers, and their comments abundantly populate this paper. {\textquotedblleft}To expand and enhance United States oyster production, and support domestic food security and livelihoods, a better understanding of the limitations that oyster farmers{\textquoteright} experience, and corresponding pathways forward for adaptation is needed. Through semi-structured interviews conducted with commercial Oregon shellfish farmers, we assess the environmental, economic, social and regulatory stressors impacting oyster growing operations, and the corresponding adaptive strategies employed or envisioned by aquaculture farmers{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract). The authors note adaptive strategies oyster growers adopt to cope, and advocate for more targeted outreach to support the oyster growers.}, month = {2023}, pages = {15 p.}, keywords = {aquaculture, aquatic invertebrates, bivalves, climate, commercial fisheries {\textendash} shellfish, Coos Bay, economics, environmental law and policy, mollusks, Netarts Bay, ocean acidification, oysters, South Slough, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2022.106475 }, author = {Green, Kristen Marie and Spalding, Ana K. and Ward, Melissa and Levine, Arielle and Wolters, Erika Allen and Hamilton, Sara Luanne and Rice, Lauren} } @article {83147, title = {Status of the European Green Crab, Carcinus maenas, (aka 5-spine crab) in Oregon Estuaries. Report for 2022}, year = {2023}, note = {The invasive European green crab is a voracious predator of bivalve molluscs, small crustaceans and other organisms. It has been present in Oregon since the late 1990s. The population grows when winter waters are warm, as they are during El Ni{\~n}os. Since 2015, however, {\textquotedblleft}recruitment has been good every year. Since green crabs live for 6 years, these recent strong year classes can produce larvae until 2027. . . Now that populations in Oregon, Washington and British Columbia have built up, we have evidence for local production and for larvae sources from a genetically distinct population on Vancouver Island. . .{\textquotedblright} (from the Executive Summary) }, pages = {30 p.}, institution = {Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission. Aquatic Nuisance Species Project}, address = {Portland, Or.}, keywords = {aquatic invertebrates, Coos Bay, crustaceans, El Nino, European green crab = Carcinus maenas, Grays Harbor (Wa.), introduced species, Netarts Bay, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, population count, Salmon River, Siuslaw River, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River estuary, Willapa Bay (Wa.), Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/73666d40c}, author = {Yamada, Sylvia Behrens and Royer, Cameron and Schooler, Shon and Flitcroft, Rebecca and Vance, Mitch and Randall, Andrea and Fisher, Jennifer} } @article {83146, title = {Status of the European Green Crab, Carcinus maenas, in Oregon and Washington Coastal Estuaries. Report for 2020 and 2021}, year = {2022}, note = {The COVID-19 pandemic affected this report, leading to combined years and trapping on a reduced number of estuaries. The invasive European green crab is a voracious predator of bivalve molluscs, small crustaceans and other organisms. It has been present in Oregon since the late 1990s. The population grows when winter waters are warm, as they are during El Ni{\~n}os. Since 2015, however, {\textquotedblleft}recruitment has been good every year. Since green crabs live for 6 years, these recent strong year classes can produce larvae until 2027. . . Now that populations in Oregon, Washington and British Columbia have built up, we have evidence for local production and for larvae sources from a genetically distinct population on Vancouver Island. . .{\textquotedblright} (from the Executive Summary) This report is accompanied by a dataset, available at: https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/datasets/b8515w17z }, pages = {27 p.}, institution = {Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission. Aquatic Nuisance Species Project}, address = {Portland, Or.}, keywords = {aquatic invertebrates, Coos Bay, crustaceans, El Nino, European green crab = Carcinus maenas, Grays Harbor (Wa.), introduced species, Netarts Bay, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, population count, Tillamook Bay, Willapa Bay (Wa.), Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/g445cn70c }, author = {Yamada, Sylvia Behrens and Royer, Cameron and Schooler, Shon and Fisher, Jennifer and Randall, Andrea and Buffington, Chelsey and Stote, Alex and Akmajian, Adrianne} } @article {82984, title = {Status of the European Green Crab, Carcinus maenas, in Oregon and Washington Coastal Estuaries in 2019}, year = {2020}, note = {The invasive European green crab is a voracious predator of bivalve molluscs, small crustaceans and other organisms. It has been present in Oregon since the late 1990s. The population grows when winter waters are warm, as they are during El Ni{\~n}os. {\textquotedblleft}After the arrival of a strong year class in 1998, significant recruitment to the populations occurred only in2003,2005,2006,2010, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018 and 2019. Warm winter water temperatures, high Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and Multivariate ENSO (El Ni{\~n}o Southern Oscillation) Indices, and a high abundance of southern copepods are all correlated with strong year classes and vice versa. . . Prior to 2015, green crabs were too rare (<0.2 per trap) to exert measurable effects on the native benthic community and on shellfish culture in Oregon and Washington. But after the 2015-2016 El Ni{\~n}o, we document the arrival of five strong year classes. Average catches steadily increased from 0.5 crabs per trap, in 2015 to around 3 crabs per trap in 2017 to 2019. The catches in the last 3years are much higher than in any of the previous years, including 1998. Catches in some hotspots exceed 10 crabs per trap, a level at which measurable ecological impact can be expected. . . Since green crabs live for 6 years, these five consecutive year classes can produce larvae until 2025.{\textquotedblright} (from the Executive Summary) Coos Bay, in particular, has experienced shocking growth of this population, going from 9 crabs captured in 2002 to 1,397 crabs captured in 2019. This report is accompanied by a dataset, available at: https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/datasets/028712995 }, pages = {31 p.}, institution = {Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission. Aquatic Nuisance Species Project}, address = {Portland, Or.}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, aquatic invertebrates, Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, crustaceans, El Ni{\~n}o, European green crab = Carcinus maenas, introduced species, Nehalem Bay, Netarts Bay, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, population count, Tillamook Bay, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/xk81js14x }, author = {Yamada, Sylvia Behrens, and Schooler, Shon and Heller, Renee and Donaldson, Luke and Takacs, Graham T. and Randall, Andrea and Buffington, Chelsey and Akmajian, Adrianne} } @article {83232, title = {Tide gates: operation, fish passage and recommendations for their upgrade or removal}, volume = {no.20-001}, year = {2020}, note = {Many of Oregon{\textquoteright}s coastal streams and wetlands have tide gates. This publication is intended to help natural resource managers decide how to treat existing tide gates in order to help migratory fishes and other estuary residents. Should the tide gates be removed, or can they be upgraded to better allow fish passage? The report has two main sections. {\textquotedblleft}The first includes an overview of the technical aspects of tide gates, including non-traditional ones. The second contains findings from a review of scientific literature about upgrading or removing tide gates as well as conclusions from a review of estuary restoration projects involving tide gates. Based on those findings, we{\textquoteright}re also including recommendations to guide future investments in, and monitoring of, restoration projects associated with tide gates{\textquotedblright} (p.3).}, pages = {15 p.}, institution = {Oregon Sea Grant}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, keywords = {Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, dike removal, environmental law and policy, fish passage, general, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp., Salmon River Estuary, Tide gates}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/qv33s4263 }, author = {Souder, Jon A. and Giannico, Guillermo R.} } @article {82621, title = {Climate vulnerability assessment for Pacific salmon and steelhead in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem}, journal = {PLoS One}, volume = {14}, number = {7}, year = {2019}, note = {This article is a major scientific overview of the vulnerability of Pacific Coast anadromous salmonids to climate change. {\textquotedblleft}Nearly all listing units faced high exposures to projected increases in stream temperature, sea surface temperature, and ocean acidification. . . Anthropogenic factors, especially migration barriers, habitat degradation, and hatchery influence, have reduced the adaptive capacity of most steelhead and salmon populations. Enhancing adaptive capacity is essential to mitigate for the increasing threat of climate change. Collectively, these results provide a framework to support recovery planning that considers climate impacts on the majority of West Coast anadromous salmonids{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract). Projections were made about Oregon coast coho salmon.}, pages = {e0217711}, edition = {2019, Jul. 24}, keywords = {Oregon Coast, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp., Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, climate change, depleted populations, ecosystem health, endangered species, habitats, hatcheries, human impacts, life history, ocean acidification, water temperatur}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217711 }, url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0217711 }, author = {Crozier, Lisa G. and McClure, Michelle M. and Beechie, Tim and Bograd, Steven J. and Boughton, David A. and Carr, Mark and Cooney, Thomas D. and Dunham, Jason B. and Greene, Correigh M. and Haltuch, Melissa A. and Hazen, Elliott L. and Holzer, Damon M. and Huff, David O. and Johnson, Rachel C. and Jordan, Chris E. and Kaplan, Isaac C. and Lindley, Steven T. and Mantua, Nathan J. and Moyle, Peter B. and Myers, James M. and Nelson, Mark W. and Spence, Brian C. and Weitkamp, Laurie A. and Williams, Thomas H. and Willis-Norton, Ellen} } @article {82891, title = {Environmental and morphologic controls on wave-induced dune response}, journal = {Geomorphology}, volume = {329}, year = {2019}, note = {{\textquotedblleft}Coastal erosion poses a major threat to coastal communities by limiting beach access, endangering backshore infrastructure, and impacting ecologically important environments. The preservation of coastal foredunes, features which provide the first line of defense for liiting backshore flooding is of particular interest as a valuable form of green infrastructure{\textellipsis}{\textquotedblright} (p.108) In this paper, the authors examine factors affecting dune growth and erosion. They compare three different sites on the Northwest Coast: Oysterville, the Netarts Littoral Cell and South Beach. Field observations were supplemented with a modeling program, and the combination of the two has led to new insights.}, month = {2019, Mar 15}, pages = {p.108-128}, keywords = {Cape Lookout, climate, coastal dunes, coastal hazards, erosion, mathematical modeling, Netarts Littoral Cell, Oysterville (Wa.), sea level, South Beach, wave height, Yaquina Bay}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.12.023 }, author = {Cohn, Nicholas and Ruggiero, Peter and Garc{\'\i}a-Medina, Gabriel and Anderson, Dylan and Serafina, Katherine A. and Reuben Biel, Reuben} } @article {83029, title = {Eocene initiation of the Cascadia subduction zone: A second example of plume-induced subduction initiation?}, journal = {Geosphere}, volume = {15 }, number = {3}, year = {2019}, note = {In this article, the authors postulate a fascinating scenario to explain the development of the Cascadia Subduction Zone. The authors theorize that the Yellowstone mantle plume head {\textquotedblleft}destroyed the existing Cordilleran subduction zone and allowed the new Cascadia subduction zone to form by collapse of thermally weakened oceanic lithosphere over the hot western margin of the plume head.{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract) This is an elegant approach that solves problems and answers questions. Nicely illustrated.}, pages = {p.659{\textendash}681}, keywords = {geology, paleosciences}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02050.1 }, url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geosphere/article/15/3/659/569925/Eocene-initiation-of-the-Cascadia-subduction-zone }, author = {Stern, Robert J. and Dumitru, Trevor A.} } @article {83230, title = {Headwater streams and wetlands are critical for sustaining fish, fisheries, and ecosystem services}, journal = {Fisheries}, volume = {44}, number = {2}, year = {2019}, note = {In 2019, the Trump Administration proposed amending the Waters of the United States (WOTUS) Act to narrow the definition of wetlands, and to remove millions of acres from protection. In resonse, the American Fisheries Society published this article, an {\textquotedblleft}AFS Special Report{\textquotedblright} on the value of headwaters and wetlands, particularly of streams that are dry part of the year. The Biden Administration subsequently reversed the Trump amendment, but the U.S. Supreme Court, in Sackett vs. the Environmental Protection Agency, ruled in favor of narrowing the definition in 2023. Many aspects of this slow-moving environmental disaster are still in litigation. The article includes a photograph of Crowley Creek on Cascade Head.}, month = {2019, Feb.}, pages = {p.73-91}, keywords = {Calapooia River, Cascade Head National Scenic And Research Area, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Crowley Creek, depleted populations, ecosystem health, environmental law and policy, general, Oregon chub = Oregonichthys crameri, wetlands, Willamette River}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1002/fsh.10229 }, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/n583z1008 }, author = {Colvin, Susan A. R. and Sullivan, S. and Mazeika P. and Shirey, Patrick D. and Colvin, Randall W. and Winemiller, Kirk O. and Hughes, Robert M. and Fausch, Kurt D. and Infante, Dana M. and Olden, Julian D. and Bestgen, Kevin R. and Danehy, Robert J. and Eby, Lisa} } @article {82916, title = {The influence of shelf bathymetry and beach topography on extreme total water levels: Linking large-scale changes of the wave climate to local coastal hazards}, journal = {Coastal Engineering}, volume = {150}, number = {p.1-17}, year = {2019}, note = {{\textquotedblleft}Total water levels (TWLs) at the coast are driven by a combination of deterministic (e.g., tides) and stochastic (e.g., waves, storm surge, and sea level anomalies) processes. The contribution of each process to TWLs varies depending on regional differences in climate and framework geology, as well as local-scale variations in beach morphology, coastal orientation, and shelf bathymetry. Large-scale changes to the climate altering the frequency, direction, and intensity of storms, may therefore propagate to the nearshore differently, amplifying or suppressing local coastal hazards and changing the exposure of coastal communities to extreme TWLs. This study investigates the hydrodynamic and geomorphologic factors controlling local TWLs along high-energy United States coastlines where wave-influences dominate TWLs.{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract) Three sites with differing continental shelf and beach topography (Long Beach, Washington, the Netarts Littoral Cell, and the San Francisco Littoral Cell) were studied to explore the forces that drive variations in etreme TWLs.}, month = {2019, Aug.}, keywords = {Long Beach (Wa.), San Francisco Littoral Cell, Netarts Littoral Cell, Bathymetry, Coastal hazards, Erosion, Sea level, Topography, Wave height, Weather}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2019.03.012 }, author = {Serafina, Katherine A. and Ruggiero, Peter and Barnard, Patrick L. and Stockdon, Hilary F.} } @article {82921, title = {Space use of Pacific harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii) from two haulout locations along the Oregon coast}, journal = {PLoS ONE }, volume = {14}, number = {no.7}, year = {2019}, note = {The Pacific harbor seal is one of the most abundant marine mammals in Oregon. Despite a booming population and an evolving regulatory environment, there is a lack of contemporary studies on the space use of these animals. {\textquotedblleft}Here, we utilize satellite telemetry data gathered from 24 adult Pacific harbor seals captured at two sites on the Oregon coast from September 2014 to May 2016 to describe the general spatial habitat use by Pacific harbor seals in this understudied portion of their range. To do this we 1) define and describe home range and core areas for Pacific harbor seals from these sites, 2) quantify hauling out behavior and use of the open ocean versus riverine, bay and estuarine environments by study animals, and 3) examine intersite differences is spatial use from animals captured at two prominent but geologically-different haulout locations.{\textquotedblright} (p.3). }, month = {2019, Jul. 31}, pages = {17 p.}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, behavior, geographic distribution, Harbor seal = Phoca vitulina, Netarts Bay, remote sensing, temporal distribution}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0219484}, url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0219484 }, author = {Steingass, Sheanna and Horning, Markus and Bishop, Amanda M.} } @article {82982, title = {Status of the European Green Crab, Carcinus maenas, in Oregon and Washington Coastal Estuaries in 2018}, year = {2019}, note = {The invasive European green crab is a voracious predator of bivalve molluscs, small crustaceans and other organisms. It has been present in Oregon since the late 1990s. The population grows when winter waters are warm, as they are during El Ni{\~n}os. {\textquotedblleft}After the arrival of a strong year class in 1998, significant recruitment to the populations occurred only in2003, 2005, 2006, 2010, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. Warm winter water temperatures, high Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and Multivariate ENSO (El Ni{\~n}o Southern Oscillation) Indices, and a high abundance of southern copepods are all correlated with strong year classes and vice versa. . . Prior to 2015, green crabs were too rare to exert measurable effects on the native benthic community and on shellfish culture in Oregon and Washington. Following the recent strong El Ni{\~n}o, however, we documented the arrival of four strong year classes in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. Average catch rates over the last four years steadily increased from 0.5 to 0.8 to 2.2 and to 3.2 crabs per trap. The catches in the last 2 years are much higher than in any of the previous years, including 1998. Since green crabs live for 6 years, these four consecutive year classes will produce larvae until 2024..{\textquotedblright} (from the Executive Summary) Coos Bay, in particular, has experienced shocking growth of this population, going from 9 crabs captured in 2002 to 1,280 crabs captured in 2018. This report is accompanied by a dataset, available at: https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/datasets/tt44pt057 }, pages = {30 p.}, institution = {Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission. Aquatic Nuisance Species Project}, address = {Portland, Or.}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, aquatic invertebrates, Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, crustaceans, El Ni{\~n}o, European green crab = Carcinus maenas, introduced species, Nehalem Bay, Netarts Bay, Pacific Decadal Oscillation, population count, Tillamook Bay, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/vt150q47j }, author = {Yamada, Sylvia Behrens, and Schooler, Shon and Yednock, Bree and Indivero, Julia and Carlson, Christopher and Prickett, Joel A. and Randall, Andrea} } @article {83168, title = {Climate change and Oregon law: What is to be done?}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Law \& Litigation}, volume = {33}, number = {[12] }, year = {2018}, note = {The legal system often seems to change more slowly than the social and environmental milieu in which it functions. It is encouraging to find good minds looking at the problems caused by climate change and their repercussions on the legal system. In this article, the authors offer some practical advice Oregonians can use to adjust their laws to climate change. {\textquotedblleft}We examine two aspects of that response. The first concerns planning and regulation of land, and the second concerns the effects of climate change on property law. We suggest that traditional property law doctrines, such as reliction, avulsion, property boundaries, and public easements should be reexamined in the light of this crisis{\textquotedblright} (p.239). If we are to adapt to climate change, our institutions must adapt, and forward-looking publications like this will help.}, month = {2018}, pages = {p.235-323}, keywords = {climate, environmental law and policy, land use, water use}, url = {https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/23295}, author = {Brickley, Alan K. and Schell, Steven R. and Sullivan, Edward J.} } @article {82506, title = {Detecting the effects of management regime shifts in dynamic environments using multi-population state-space models}, journal = {Biological Conservation}, volume = {221}, year = {2018}, note = {Oregon populations of wild coho salmon were in decline until they were listed by the Federal Government as threatened populations in 1998. Subsequent efforts to restore coho included reducing hatchery production, restoring habitats and cutting allowable harvests. At the same time, ocean conditions improved, favoring adult salmon survival. In this paper, the authors{\textquoteright} objective {\textquotedblleft}was to assess change in the freshwater production of juvenile production of juveniles (smolts) through time in order to determine if recent increases in adult abundance could be related to management affecting the freshwater juvenile production{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract). Interestingly, the authors did not find any improvement in the survival of juvenile fish per spawning salmon. Instead, they attribute the rebound in coho population to improved ocean conditions. Various aspects of this complex fishery management issue are discussed.}, month = {2018, May}, pages = {p.34-43}, keywords = {Alsea River Basin, Beaver Creek, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Coos River Basin, depleted populations, habitats, human impacts, juvenile fish, Lower Umpqua River Basin, mathematical modeling, natural resource management, Nehalem River Basin, Siletz River Basin, statistical analysis, Yaquina River Basin}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2018.02.026 }, author = {Falcy, Matthew R. and Suring, Erik} } @article {82881, title = {Everywhere you look, everywhere you go, there{\textquoteright}s an estuary invaded by the red seaweed Gracilaria vermiculophylla (Ohmi) Papenfuss, 1967}, journal = {BioInvasions Records }, volume = {7}, number = {4}, year = {2018}, note = {The red algae Graciliara vermiculophylla is a native of the northwestern Pacific region. Over the course of the last century, it has successfully invaded almost every temperate estuary on the other side of the ocean, in North America. This aggressive invader changes habitats, particularly by populating habitats that were formerly lacking algal cover. In this paper, the authors report on a survey of 61 sites, from Alaska to San Diego, and recorded 33 new sites where the species was found. {\textquotedblleft}Our study fills in the significant gaps in the distribution of G. vermiculophylla in North America, and, as such, will be an important contribution to future studies on the ecological and evolutionary consequences of this widespread marine invasion along this coastline.{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract)}, month = {2018, Nov.}, pages = {p.343-355}, keywords = {Gracilaria vermiculophylla, Tillamook Bay, Netarts Bay, Yaquina Bay, Alsea Bay, Algae, Genetics, Geographic distribution, Introduced species, Life history information}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3391/bir.2018.7.4.01 }, url = {https://www.reabic.net/journals/bir/2018/4/BIR_2018_KruegerHadfield_etal.pdf }, author = {Krueger-Hadfield, Stacy A. and Stephens, Tiffany A. and Ryan, Will H. and Heiser, Sabrina} } @mastersthesis {82021, title = {Habitat Use, Spatial Ecology, and Stable Isotope Variability of the Pacific Harbor Seal (Phoca Vitulina Richardii) along the Oregon Coast}, year = {2018}, note = {Major professor was Marcus Horning. This doctoral dissertation examines the movements and feeding behavior of Pacific harbor seals. 24 seals were captured in Netarts and Alsea Bays, tagged and tracked via satellite from Sept. 2014-Sept. 2015. A whisker from each animal was scanned to provide dietary information. {\textquotedblleft}Overall, this dissertation demonstrates associations between stable isotope-derived diet and patterns in spatial habitat use, suggesting that stable isotope analysis of δ13C and δ15N can inform two-dimensional satellite telemetry, but also may provide post-hoc information regarding drivers of spatial movement of harbor seals.{\textquotedblright} This work is the {\textquotedblleft}the first in-depth description of spatial habitat use for Pacific harbor seals{\textquotedblright} and represents a valuable addition to the field. (from the Abstract)}, pages = {188 p.}, school = {Oregon State University}, type = {Doctoral Dissertation}, edition = {Ph. D.}, chapter = {Dept. of Fisheries and Wildlife, Wildlife Science}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, Netarts Bay, Siletz Bay, Yaquina Bay, Pacific harbor seal = Phoca vitulina richardii, diet, feeding behavior, geographic distribution, habitats, oceanography}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/t722hg09r }, author = {Steingass, Sheanna M.} } @article {82491, title = {Protecting Oregon{\textquoteright}s estuaries}, journal = {Ocean and Coastal Law Journal}, volume = {23}, number = {2}, year = {2018}, note = {This paper reviews the history of the development and implementation of the statewide land use planning Goal 16: Estuarine Resources. Although the plan did not live up to all of the hopes for it, the author points out that, {\textquotedblleft}Not only does it staunch the loss of productive habitat, act as natural filtration of sediment and pollutants, and provide for storage of floodwaters, but estuaries are an indicator of our commitment to the planet. Moreover, the Oregon Estuary program provides for land use benefits to estuary users{\textquotedblright} (p.428).}, month = {2018, Jun.5}, pages = {p.373-429}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, Chetco River, Coos Bay, Coquille River, Depoe Bay, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca River, Netarts Bay, Salmon River, Sand Lake, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River, Sixes River, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River, Yaquina Bay, land use, environmental law and policy,}, url = {https://digitalcommons.mainelaw.maine.edu/oclj/vol23/iss2/5/ }, author = {Sullivan, Edward J.} } @article {80456, title = {Characterizing fisheries connectivity in marine social-ecological systems}, journal = {ICES Journal of Marine Science}, volume = {74}, year = {2017}, note = {How do fishers adapt to changes in ecosystems and/or fisheries management? They can change the area where they fish. They can find other income sources or leave fishing. Or they can change the areas into which they put their energy by diversifying and working multiple fisheries. West Coast fishers tend to be resilient generalists, able to switch from one fishery to another as the need arises, and cope with different management regimes. Interlinked networks of potential fisheries constitute {\textquotedblleft}fisheries connectivity,{\textquotedblright} and are the subject of this article. The authors analyze networks of multiple fisheries in the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem in 2009-2010. They calculate the relative importance of particular fisheries, and model fisheries networks and vulnerability to change in different communities. On the West Coast, either the Dungeness crab or the spiny lobster fisheries were the most important. The authors point out that species unconnected by food webs may be linked due to fisheries connectivity, and that understanding these relationships will be an important part of future resource management. }, pages = {p.2087-2096}, keywords = {Astoria (Or.), Garibaldi (Or.), Netarts Bay, Nehalem Bay, Siletz Bay, Newport (Or.), Depoe Bay, Alsea Bay, Florence (Or.), Winchester Bay, Charleston (Or.), Bandon, (Or.), economics, natural resource management, mathematical modeling, commercial fisheri}, doi = {doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsx128}, author = {Fuller, Emma C. and Sambouri, Jameal F. and Stoll, Joshua S. and Levin, Simon A. and Watson, James R.} } @article {80346, title = {Dietary composition of four stocks of Pacific harbor seal (Phoca vitulina richardii) in the northern California Current Large Marine Ecosystem from historical data, 1931-2013}, journal = {Northwestern Naturalist}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, note = {Understanding the diets of different species is essential for wildlife managers. Managers need to know what is eaten and when and where it is consumed. This paper contributes to our understanding of the diet of harbor seals by reviewing over eighty years of scientific literature on this topic. Seasonal and spatial variations in diet are noted, and the issue of harbor seal predation on salmonids is explored. The article is available by contacting the authors through ResearchGate.}, month = {2017, Spring}, pages = {p.8-23}, keywords = {Columbia River, Tillamook Bay, Netarts Bay, Alsea River, Umpqua River, Coos Bay, Rogue River, Salish Sea, Puget Sound, Oregon coast, Washington coast, Harbor seal = Phoca vitulina, Pacific herring = Clupea pallasii, Pacific hake (whiting) = Merluccius}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1898/NWN16-05.1}, author = {Steingass, Sheanna} } @book {80381, title = {Oregon Estuarine Invertebrates: Rudy{\textquoteright}s Illustrated Guide to Common Species}, volume = {1-3}, year = {2017}, note = {"Original edition by Paul and Lynn Rudy." Volume 1. Cnidaria, Nemertea, Annelida, Sipuncula -- , Volume 2. Arthropoda -- , Volume 3. Mollusca, Phoronida, Echinodermata, Chordata, appendices. Advances in genetics have revolutionized the classification of aquatic invertebrates. Many animals have been given new names that more accurately reflect their relationships with other species. For this reason, it was necessary to create a new edition of Paul and Lynn Rudy{\textquoteright}s classic {\textquotedblleft}Oregon Estuarine Invertebrates.{\textquotedblright} This third edition is a vast, although not quite complete, three-volume expansion of the original work. Rudy{\textquoteright}s original line drawings have been retained. There is a new section on taxonomy, and most descriptive sections have been expanded. The bibliography section has been brought up-to-date with contemporary references. The invaluable {\textquotedblleft}Possible Misidentifications{\textquotedblright} section has been expanded. A few species not yet updated will follow. This magnum opus is available on the internet and should be referenced by anyone wanting to identify and learn more about these familiar, fascinating animals.}, publisher = {University of Oregon Libraries, Oregon Institute of Marine Biology}, organization = {University of Oregon Libraries, Oregon Institute of Marine Biology}, edition = {3rd ed.}, chapter = {865 p.}, address = {[Charleston, Oregon] }, keywords = {annelids, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic worms, arthropods, bibliography, brachiopods, cnidarians, echinoderms, general, identification, molluscs, segmented worms, taxonomy, tunicates}, url = {https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/18839 }, author = {Hiebert, Terra C. and Butler, Barbara and Shanks, Alan L. and Rudy, Paul} } @article {77241, title = {Coast-wide recruitment dynamics of Olympia oysters reveal limited synchrony and multiple predictors of failure}, journal = {Ecology}, volume = {97}, year = {2016}, note = {In the ocean, environmental conditions such as water temperature or wave height can affect reproduction and survival success of organisms across broad regions. Separate populations can experience similar rates of recruitment success or failure while hundreds of miles apart. While this recruitment synchrony is well-known among marine species from fishes to kelp to barnacles, it is not well documented in estuarine species, where the scale of environmental conditions is much smaller. In this paper, the authors examine recruitment synchrony in the native Olympia oyster in eight bays on the Pacific Coast. Is there evidence of recruitment synchrony among estuaries on the Pacific Coast? Within given estuaries, is there evidence of recruitment synchrony at different sites? What are predictors of recruitment failure? Are there ways to buffer against recruitment failure? The authors address all these questions.}, pages = {p.3503-3516}, keywords = {Olympia oyster=Ostrea lurida (Ostrea conchaphila),Netarts Bay, Whiskey Creek, Pacific Coast, aquatic invertebrates, mollusks, bivalves, reproduction, recruitment, habitats, salinity, water temperature, chlorophyll, human impacts, geographical distribution}, doi = {doi: 10.1002/ecy.1602}, author = {Wasson, Kerstin and Hughes, Brent B. and Berriman, John S. and Chang, Andrew L. and Deck, Anna K. and Dinnel, Paul A. and Endris, Charlie and Espinoza, Michael and Dudas, Sarah and Ferner, Matthew C. and Grosholz, Edwin D. and Kimbro, David and Ruesink, Jennifer l. and Trimble, Alan C. and Vander Schaaf, Dick and Zabin, Chela J. and Zacherl, Danielle C.} } @book {80576, title = {The Northwest Coastal Explorer: Your Guide to the Places, Plants, and Animals of the Pacific Coast}, year = {2016}, note = {Here{\textquoteright}s a guidebook with a difference. Although suggested Pacific Northwest trips are included, this book is less about destinations and much more about the journey and what will be found along the way. Packed with beautiful photographs and page-long descriptions of the plants and animals of the Northwest Coast, this book will inform and delight. For succinct descriptions of the life of the region, from the sea palm to the brown pelican, from the mole crab to the Roosevelt elk, this is the place to go for succinct species descriptions at a popular level.}, pages = {283 p.}, publisher = {Timber Pr}, organization = {Timber Pr}, chapter = {283 p.}, address = {Portland, Or.}, keywords = {amphibians, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic plants, biology, birds, general, general ecosystem description, geology, mammals, oceanography, terrestrial plants, tourism}, author = {Steelquist, Robert} } @mastersthesis {77396, title = {Seagrasses as Potential Chemical Refugia for Acidification-Sensitive Bivalves}, year = {2016}, note = {The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been shown to be sensitive to ocean acidification, particularly in its early stages of development, when the shell is formed. While shellfish hatcheries now buffer the waters in which oyster young are grown, relatively little attention has been directed to oyster growth through the year. In this thesis, the author compares oyster growth in eelgrass beds, comparing the native eelgrass (Zostera marina) and the introduced Japanese eelgrass (Z. japonica) with nearby bare plots. Results suggest that rearing Pacific oysters in native eelgrass beds has positive effects. Major professor was George G. Waldbusser.}, pages = {66 p.}, school = {Oregon State University}, type = {Masters Thesis}, edition = {M.S.}, chapter = {College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences. Marine Resource Management}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, keywords = {Netarts Bay, Whiskey Creek, Whiskey Creek Hatchery, Pacific oyster = Crassostrea gigas, eelgrass = Zostera marina, Japanese eelgrass = Zostera japonica, molluscs, bivalves, larvae, ocean acidification, carbon dioxide, habitats, sediments, theses}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/1831cq37x}, author = {Smith, Stephanie Rae} } @article {77321, title = {Slow shell building, a possible trait for resistance to the effects of acute ocean acidification}, journal = {Limnology and Oceanography}, volume = {61}, year = {2016}, note = {Anthropogenic increases in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere have led to acidification of the oceans. More acidic ocean water profoundly affects development of shellfish, and has had a huge impact on shellfish growers in the Pacific Northwest. The Pacific oyster, which originates in Japan, and has historically been the most commonly grown species, seems to be particularly sensitive to ocean acidification. The native Olympia oyster has a different life history and a slower rate of development than the Pacific oyster. In this paper, the authors explore the process of slow shell-building in Olympia oysters in acidic waters and consider implications for potential resiliency in adverse environmental conditions in this and other shellfish species. }, month = {2016}, pages = {p.1969-1983}, keywords = {Yaquina Bay, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Oregon Oyster Farms, Netarts Bay, Whiskey Creek, Pacific oyster = Crassostrea gigas, Olympia oyster=Ostrea lurida (Ostrea conchaphila), aquaculture, molluscs, bivalves, oysters, ocean acidification, human imp}, doi = {doi: 10.1002/lno.10348}, author = {Waldbusser, George G. and Gray, Matthew W. and Hales, Burke and Langdon, Christopher J. and Haley, Brian A. and Gimenez, Iria and Smith, Stephanie R. and Brunner, Elizabeth L. and Hutchinson, Greg} } @article {80401, title = {Water quality criteria for an acidifying ocean: challenges and opportunities for improvement}, journal = {Ocean \& Coastal Management}, volume = {126}, year = {2016}, note = {Massive quantities of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere in the last century have been absorbed by the oceans, a development that has caused the oceans to become increasingly acidic. This article addresses the issues faced by natural resource managers in addressing ocean acidification, particularly when current water quality standards permit damage to aquatic life. The authors point out that current biological monitoring is inadequate, that pH criteria must be adjusted, and that additional chemical criteria are needed. The article focuses on the Clean Water Act Section 303(d): Impaired Waters and Total Maximum Daily Loads.}, pages = {p.31-41}, keywords = {Netarts Bay, Willapa Bay, California Current, pH data, water quality, ocean acidification, Pacific oyster = Crassostrea gigas, pteropods, environmental policy and law}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2016.03.010}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/zs25xb137}, author = {Weisberg, Stephen B. and Bednarsek, Nina and Feely, Richard A. and Chan, Francis and Boehm, Alexandria B. and Sutula, Martha and Ruesink, Jennifer l. and Hales, Burke and Largier, John I. and Newton, Jan A.} } @article {76986, title = {Coastal Flood Hazard Study, Tillamook County, Oregon}, volume = {no.47}, year = {2015}, note = {This is a technical document giving the factors and assumptions behind the flood hazard study. There are some colored maps and discussions of some sites, but it does not give the final maps. {\textquotedblleft}The objective of the Tillamook County coastal flood hazard project is to develop a digital flood insurance rate map (DFIRM) and flood insurance study (FIS) report for Tillamook County, Oregon...{\textquotedblright} (p.1)}, pages = {274 p.}, keywords = {Bayocean Spit, Cape Meares, Cascade Head, climate, coastal hazards, erosion, flooding, geography, geology, Manzanita (Or.), Neskowin (Or.), Nestucca River estuary, Nestucca Spit, Netarts Bay, Netarts Spit, Oceanside (Or.), Pacific City (Or.), paleosciences, precipitation, Rockaway (Or.), Salmon River, Sand Lake, Tillamook Bay, Tillamook County (Or.)}, url = {https://pubs.oregon.gov/dogami/sp/SP-47.pdf}, author = {Allan, Jonathan C. and Ruggiero, Peter and Garcia, Gabriel and O{\textquoteright}Brien, Fletcher E. and Stimely, Laura L. and Roberts, Jed T.} } @article {76931, title = {Impacts of coastal acidification on the Pacific Northwest shellfish industry and adaptation strategies implemented in response}, journal = {Oceanography: the official magazine of the Oceanography Society}, volume = {28}, year = {2015}, note = {This excellent article gives the current state of knowledge about ocean acidification, the environmental characteristics that amplify the problem on the West Coast, and what can be and is being done about it. Whiskey Creek Shellfish Hatchery and Netarts Bay are featured.}, month = {2015, Jun.}, pages = {p.146{\textendash}159}, keywords = {Bellingham (Wa.), carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, chemistry, Dabob Bay (Wa.), dissolved oxygen, Netarts Bay, ocean acidification, pH data, upwelling, Whiskey Creek, Whiskey Creek Shellfish Hatchery, Willapa Bay}, doi = {doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2015.38}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/pz50gx802}, author = {Barton, Alan and Waldbusser, George G. and Feely, Richard A. and Weisberg, Stephen B. and Newton, Jan A. and Hales, Burke and Cudd, Sue and Eudeline, Benoit and Langdon, Christopher J. and Jefferds, Ian and King, Ted and Suhrbier, Andy and McLaughlin, Karen} } @article {76666, title = {Foredune texture: landscape metrics and climate}, journal = {Annals of the Association of American Geographers}, volume = {104}, year = {2014}, note = {The authors characterized 22 different sites with sand dunes across the United States, including 4 in Oregon. {\textquotedblleft}Foredunes are an important node in the coastal sand-sharing system and accommodate spatially compressed and diverse ecological habitats. The value of ecosystem services provided by foredunes will increase as the protective functions of the dunes are better appreciated and more appropriately managed, especially in the context of rising sea level, the likelihood of increased storm severity, and increased human population pressures. Linking foredune stability, in this case represented by the characteristics of foredune texture, to current and predicted climatic conditions is an important step toward understanding and planning for environmental change.{\textquotedblright} (p.917)}, pages = {p. 903-921}, keywords = {climate change, Coos Bay, Manzanita (Or.), Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, sand dunes, sediments, wind}, doi = {DOI: 10.1080/00045608.2014.923723}, author = {Ryu, Wansang and Sherman, Douglas J.} } @article {52376, title = {Science and management of the introduced seagrass Zostera japonica in North America}, journal = {Environmental Management }, volume = {53}, year = {2014}, note = {The Pacific Coast of North America is home to two species of eelgrass: the native Zostera marina, and the introduced Zostera japonica. This review looks at the two species, which are managed very differently in different parts of the West Coast. Should the invader be driven out and destroyed? Should it be ignored? The authors identify gaps in knowledge that limit resource managers{\textquoteright} ability to decide, and make recommendations for management and future research. }, month = {2014, Jan.}, pages = {p.147-162}, keywords = {Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, eelgrass = Zostera marina, geographic distribution, habitats, introduced species, Japanese eelgrass = Zostera japonica, natural resource management, Netarts Bay, Tillamook Bay, Yaquina Bay}, doi = {10.1007/s00267-013-0172-z}, author = {Shafer, Deborah J. and Kaldy, James E. and Gaeckle, Jeffrey L.} } @article {54886, title = {Tsunami impact to Washington and northern Oregon from segment ruptures on the southern Cascadia subduction zone}, journal = {Natural Hazards}, volume = {72}, year = {2014}, note = {All who live on the West Coast of the United States should be aware of the possibility of a major earthquake occurring. But what if only a part of the subduction zone ruptures? This article examines a possible rupture in the southern half of the Cascadia Subduction Zone (south of Alsea Bay, Oregon). The authors ask important questions. How quickly does tsunami wave height decline north of the southern rupture areas? How much time do communities north of the southern rupture areas have to evacuate before the first inundation and the largest inundation occur? How far north of the southern rupture areas will felt shaking likely trigger evacuation of a populace trained to evacuate for a local earthquake? (p.851) The authors address these questions using a 10,000-year record of offshore turbedite deposits and a ~4,600-year record of tsunami deposits at Bradley Lake.}, month = {2014, Jun.}, pages = {p.849-870}, keywords = {Bandon (Or.), Brookings (Or.), Cannon Beach (Or.), Cape Blanco, coastal hazards, Columbia River, Coos Bay, Crescent City (Cal.), Depoe Bay (Or.), earthquakes, Florence (Or.), geology, Gold Beach (Or.), Grays Harbor (Wa.), Lincoln City (Or.), Long Beach (Wa.), Manzanita (Or.), Netarts Bay, Newport (Or.), Pacific City (Or.), paleosciences, Port Orford (Or.), Rockaway (Or.), Seaside (Or.), Tillamook Bay, tsunamis, Waldport (Or.), Winchester Bay}, doi = {10.1007/s11069-014-1041-7}, author = {Priest, George R. and Zhang, Yinglong and Witter, Robert C. and Wang, Kelin and Goldfinger, Chris and Stimely, Laura L.} } @article {52416, title = {Adapting to climate change on the Oregon coast: lines in the sand and rolling easements}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Law and Litigation}, volume = {28}, year = {2013}, note = {In this important article, the authors argue that Oregon should be working to strengthen its laws now in order to have the flexibility and legal framework to enable it to adapt to a changing climate and sea level rise. {\textquotedblleft}Processes are needed to decide what infrastructure will be replaced and what will not before these inevitable events occur. . . . Planning can ensure that shoreline armoring does not eliminate public access along the shore or total loss of sand on Oregon{\textquoteright}s beaches. Planning tools can make clear that the public access boundary does migrate inland, even if the shoreline migrates onto an inland parcel across which the public does not currently have access.{\textquotedblright} (p.514)}, pages = {p.447-514}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, Alsea Spit, beaches, Cape Lookout State Park, climate change, coastal hazards, environmental law and policy, environmental policy and law, erosion, flooding, Netarts Bay, New River, physical modifications, riprap, sand spits, shorelines, The Capes, Tillamook Bay, tsunamis, wave heights}, url = {https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/17378}, author = {Johnson, Courtney B. and Schell, Steven R.} } @article {54846, title = {Climate Change in the Northwest: Implications for Our Landscapes, Waters, and Communities}, year = {2013}, note = {{\textquotedblleft}As an assessment, this report aims to be representative (though not exhaustive) of the key climate change issues as reflected in the growing body of Northwest climate change science, impacts, and adaptation literature available at this point in time.{\textquotedblright} ({\textquotedblleft}About This Report,{\textquotedblright} p.xiii)}, pages = {230 p.}, institution = {Island Pr.}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, keywords = {agriculture, climate change, coastal hazards, erosion, flooding, forestry, general, general ecosystem description, health, Native Americans, natural resources management, Oregon, precipitation, water temperature}, url = {https://cig.uw.edu/projects/northwest-climate-assessment-report/}, author = {Pacific Northwest Climate Impacts Research Consortium, and University of Washington. Climate Impacts Group, and United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Office of Climate Observation. Climate Program Office,}, editor = {Dalton, Meghan M. and Mote, Philip W. and Snover, Amy K.} } @article {54626, title = {Intertidal animal-sediment interactions of the outer-middle to exposed spit regions of Netarts Bay, Oregon, USA [abstract only]}, journal = {Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America}, year = {2013}, note = {This very interesting abstract discusses a study of areas in Netarts Bay, looking particularly to trace fossils and sediments to describe different environments. The goal is then to look at paleosediments and see what can be learned about different ancient depositional environments. This was a poster at the Fall, 2013 GSA meeting.}, month = {2013, Oct. 27-30}, pages = {1 p.}, keywords = {abundance, aquatic invertebrates, fossils, geology, Netarts Bay, Netarts Spit, paleontology, sediments, trace fossils, zonal distribution}, url = {https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper229902.html }, author = {Hodgson, Cheryl and Timmer, Eric and Shchepetkina, Alina and Gingras, Murray and Zonneveld, John-Paul} } @article {54621, title = {Oregon beach shoreline mapping and analysis program: quantifying short- to long-term beach and shoreline changes in the Gold Beach, Nesika Beach, and Netarts littoral cells, Curry and Tillamook counties, Oregon.}, volume = {no.0-13-07}, year = {2013}, note = {This report provides a valuable look at contemporary erosion on selected locations on the Oregon coast. The report for the Netarts littoral cell has ominous warnings. {\textquotedblleft}Unless conditions change soon, continued erosion along Netarts Spit will lead to spit breaching and could eventually impact bay hydrodynamics.{\textquotedblright} (p.40) The effects of the 2009-2010 El Ni{\~n}o are noted.}, pages = {43 p.}, institution = {Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries. Coastal Field Office,}, address = {Newport, Or.}, keywords = {coastal hazards, El Nino, erosion, geology, Gold Beach, Happy Camp (Oregon), Nesika Beach, Netarts Bay, Netarts Spit, Oceanside (Oregon), paleosciences, sediments, The Capes}, url = {https://library.state.or.us/repository/2013/201311071454424/index.pdf}, author = {Allan, Jonathan C. and Stimely, Laura L. and Oregon Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries, Coastal Field Office,} } @article {82661, title = {Soil survey of Tillamook County, Oregon}, year = {2013}, month = {2013, Jul.}, pages = {1518 p.}, institution = {United States Natural Resources Conservation Service}, address = { Washington, D.C, }, keywords = {geology, sediments, soils}, url = {https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/oregon/tillamookOR2013/TillamookOR.pdf}, author = {Filmore, Matthew H. and Shipman, John A. and U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service. and U.S. Forest Service,} } @article {54631, title = {Tsunami inundation scenarios for Oregon}, volume = {no. O-13-19}, year = {2013}, note = {This technical document accompanies the 2013 tsunami inundation map series for coastal Oregon. It describes the methodology used to produce the maps. In addition to the report, the CD includes GIS shapefiles with embedded metadata.}, pages = {17 p.}, institution = {Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries}, address = {Portland, Or.}, keywords = {coastal hazards, earthquakes, general, maps, mathematical modeling, Oregon, tsunamis}, url = {https://www.oregongeology.org/pubs/ofr/O-13-19.pdf}, author = {Priest, George R. and Witter, Robert C. and Zhang, Y. Joseph and Wang, Kelin and Goldfinger, Chris and Stimely, Laura L. and English, John T. and Pickner, Sean G. and Hughes, Kaleena L. B. and Wille, Taylore E. and Smith, Rachel L. and Oregon. Department of Geology and Mineral Industries,} } @article {26966, title = {Ecological Baselines for Oregon{\textquoteright}s Coast: a Report for Agencies That Manage Oregon{\textquoteright}s Coastal Habitats for Ecological and Economic Sustainability, and for All Who Are Interested in the Welfare of Wildlife That Inhabit Our Coast and Its Estuaries}, year = {2012}, note = {"We begin this report with a chapter reviewing archaeological, ethnographic, and historic materials to provide a picture of Oregon{\textquoteright}s coastal resources before 1750. Subsequent chapters consider salmon, sea otters, and sub-tidal sea urchins." (p.7)}, pages = {79 p.}, institution = {Oregon State University}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, keywords = {archeology, Coquille River estuary, ecosystem health, general ecosystem description, historical, marsh restoration, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus species, purple sea urchin = Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, red sea urchin = Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, Salmon River Estuary, Sea otter = Enhydra lutris}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/6d56zx411}, author = {Hall, Roberta L. and Ebert, Thomas A. and Gilden, Jennifer S. and Hatch, David R. and Mrakovcich, Karina Lorenz and Smith, Courtland L.} } @article {34486, title = {Juvenile salmonid monitoring in coastal Oregon and lower Columbia streams, 2011}, volume = {no.OPSW-ODFW-2013-1}, year = {2012}, note = {These reports give broad trends only. Since we don{\textquoteright}t know what streams are monitored, and cannot contrast the water quality trends of those streams with the population data, these reports are of limited utility.}, pages = {25 p.}, address = {Salem, Or.}, keywords = {Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, depleted populations, juvenile fish, population count, spatial distribution, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss, temporal distribution}, url = {https://digital.osl.state.or.us/islandora/object/osl:43833}, author = {Constable, Ronald J., Jr. and Suring, Erik and Tippery, Sharon and Oregon. Department of Fish and Wildlife. Western Oregon Rearing Project,} } @article {82481, title = {A Conservation Assessment of West Coast (USA) Estuaries}, year = {2011}, note = {{\textquotedblleft}Funded by: The David and Lucile Packard Foundation{\textquotedblright} {\textquotedblleft}This assessment outlines an enhanced planning approach for West Coast estuaries that incorporates an evaluation of the regional context for estuarine conservation and recommends an approach to site-scale planning with more focus on ecological processes and functions.{\textquotedblright} (p.1) {\textquotedblleft}A hierarchical classification system was developed for West Coast estuaries that identified three regions (based on climate, latitude, and oceanography) and four estuary types distinguished by the relative degree of influence of the hydrodynamic forcing mechanisms of waves, tides, and rivers.{\textquotedblright} (p.2)}, pages = {65 p.}, institution = {The Nature Conservancy}, address = {Arlington, Va. }, keywords = {Agriculture, Alsea Bay, estuarine dynamics, habitats, human impacts, hydrology, land ownership, land use, logging, mathematical modeling, Netarts Bay, Salmon River, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River, Yaquina River}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/1r66j546d}, author = {Gleason, Mary G. and Newkirk, Sarah and Merrifield, Matthew S. and Howard, Jeanette and Cox, Robin and Webb, Megan and Koepcke, Jennifer and Stranko, Brian and Taylor, Bethany and Beck, Michael W. and Fuller, Roger and Dye, Paul and Vander Schaaf, Dick and Carter, Jena} } @article {13536, title = {Summary of unusual stranding events affecting brown pelican along the US Pacific Coast during two winters, 2008-2009 and 2009-2010}, year = {2011}, note = {In the winters of 2008-2009 and 2009-2010, the California and Oregon coasts saw a mysterious and disturbing die-off of brown pelicans. There were high numbers of stranded birds suffering from malnutrition, and high numbers of dead birds on the beaches. This report addresses these two events. "...observers noted pelicans sheltering in the lagoons and estuaries near Bay Ocean Spit and Netarts Bay, OR." (p.7) "In recent years, areas near Tillamook and Netarts in northern Oregon have documented 1-2 orders of magnitude more pelicans carcasses than all other surveyed locations along the OR coast." (p.25) Available from academia.edu. "Final Report: July 7, 2011."}, pages = {30 p.}, institution = {Marine Wildlife Veterinary Care and Research Center}, address = {Santa Cruz, Calif.}, keywords = {Brown pelican = Pelecanus occidentalis, food availability, Netarts Bay, spatial distribution, temporal distribution, Tillamook Bay}, url = {https://tinyurl.com/y8gnqtj7}, author = {Nevins, Hannah and Miller, Melissa and Henkel, Laird and Jessup, Dave and Canon, Nicole and Meteyer, Carol and Schuler, Krysten and St. Leger, Judy and Woods, Leslie and Skoglund, Julie and Jaques, Deborah} } @proceedings {13541, title = {{\textquotedblleft}Design with Nature{\textquotedblright} strategies for shore protection: the construction of a cobble berm and artificial dune in an Oregon state park}, volume = {no. 2010-5254}, year = {2010}, note = {In 1999, after a protective dune ridge eroded away, Cape Lookout State Park experienced significant erosion following a severe winter storm. "It was apparent that some form of shore protection was needed, but it was decided that a conventional riprap revetment or seawall would be incompatible with this natural park setting. Instead, the decision was to construct a cobble berm that is effectively the same in appearance and in its dynamics to a natural cobble beach, backed by an artificial dune that is reinforced by a core of sand-filled geotextile bags." (from the Introduction) This report describes the successes and limitations of this form of coastal erosion control. The full conference proceedings may be found at: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5254/pdf/sir20105254.pdf}, pages = {p.117-126}, keywords = {Cape Lookout State Park, coastal dunes, coastal hazards, erosion, geology, Netarts Bay, Netarts Spit}, url = {https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5254/pdf/sir20105254_chap12.pdf}, author = {Komar, Paul D. and Allan, Jonathan C.}, editor = {Shipman, Hugh and Dethier, Megan N. and Gelfenbaum, Guy and Fresh, Kurt L. and Dinicola, Richard S.} } @article {82476, title = {An Ecological Economics Approach to Understanding Oregon{\textquoteright}s Coastal Economy and Environment}, year = {2008}, note = {{\textquotedblleft}There have been no studies to date that address the broad economic relationship between Oregon{\textquoteright}s estuary and marine ecosystems and the economic health of Oregon{\textquoteright}s coastal communities. This paper reports on the first phase of an economic analysis linking marine and marine influenced ecological conditions to the general coastal economy by exploring those ecosystem services that connect economy and ecology{\textquotedblright} (p.1). Good county statistics. A nice summary of aspects of coastal ecology and economics that might be overlooked.}, pages = {83 p.}, institution = {Audubon Society of Portland}, address = {Portland, Or.}, url = {https://coastrange.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Swedeen-2008-Coastal-Report-compressed.pdf}, author = {Swedeen, Paula and Batker, Dave and Radtke, Hans and Boumans, Roelof and Willer, Chuck} } @book {13616, title = {Identification of Historical Populations of Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in the Oregon Coast Evolutionarily Significant Unit}, series = {NOAA technical memorandum NMFS-NWFSC}, volume = {no.79}, year = {2007}, note = {Important report on coho stocks and their genetic relationships.}, month = {2007, Jan.}, pages = {129 p.}, publisher = {U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service}, organization = {U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service}, address = {[Seattle, Wash.]}, keywords = {abundance, Alsea Basin, aquatic vegetation, Beaver Creek, biological, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kitsutch, commercial fisheries - salmon, Coos Bay, Coquille River, depleted populations, Devil{\textquoteright}s Lake, general ecosystem description, human impacts, hydrology, natural resource management, Necanicum Bay, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca River estuary, recreational fisheries - salmon, Salmon River, Siletz River, Siltcoos Creek, Siuslaw River, Sixes River, Tahkenitch Creek, Tenmile Creek, terrestrial vegetation, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River Basin, Yaquina River Basin}, url = {https://www.arlis.org/docs/vol1/123357711.pdf}, author = {Lawson, Peter W. and Bjorkstedt, Eric P. and Chilcote, Mark W. and Huntingdon, Charles W. and Mills, Justin S. and Moore, Kelly M. S. and Nickelson, Thomas E. and Reeves, Gordon H. and Stout, Heather A. and Wainwright, Thomas C. and Weitkamp, Laurie A.} } @article {83007, title = {Pacific Northwest Coast Ecoregional Assessment}, year = {2006}, note = {{\textquotedblleft}Prepared by The Nature Conservancy, the Nature Conservancy of Canada, and the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife.{\textquotedblright} This is a very broad ecological assessment for the Pacific Northwest: British Columbia, Washington and Oregon. {\textquotedblleft}The purpose of the Pacific Northwest Coast ecoregional conservation assessment was to identify an efficient suite of conservation sites that will contribute toward the long-term survival of all viable native plant and animal species and natural communities in the ecoregion.{\textquotedblright} (p.ix) This document is accompanied by appendices indicating sites of interest. V.1 - main report, v.2 - appendices, v.3 - maps. Appendices: https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/sb397d851 Maps: https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/v692tc30m}, pages = {129 p.}, institution = {The Nature Conservancy}, address = {Portland, Or.}, keywords = {climate, depleted populations, ecosystem health, ecosystem modeling, general, habitats, human impacts}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/8g84mr696}, author = {VanderSchaaf, Dick and Wilhere, George and Ferdana, Zack and Popper, Ken and Schindel, Michael and Skidmore, Peter and Rolph, Dave and Lachetti, Pierre and Kittel, Gwen and Crawford, Rex and Pickering, Debbie and Christy, John A.} } @article {13681, title = {River sediment flux and shelf sediment accumulation rates on the Pacific Northwest margin}, volume = {25}, number = {3}, year = {2005}, note = {Gives sediment discharge rates for Alsea, Siuslaw, Umpqua, Coos, Coquille, Rogue and Califonria coastal rivers}, month = {2005}, pages = {311-332}, isbn = {0278-4343}, doi = {10.1016/j.csr.2004.10.001}, author = {Wheatcroft, R.A. and Sommerfield, C.K.} } @article {13696, title = {Update on research concerning the summertime mortality of the Pacific oyster}, volume = {24}, number = {no.1}, year = {2005}, note = {Abstract only. "During the 2002 to 2003 growing season, for example, farmers in ... Netarts Bay, Oregon ... reported up to a 50\% loss of market-ready oysters occurring over a brief 2-3 wk span."}, month = {2005}, pages = {p.336}, abstract = {Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) summer mortalities are a recurring problem in the United States, Japan, France, and Mexico. During the 2002 to 2003 growing season, for example, farmers in Carlsbad, California; Netarts Bay, Oregon; and Willapa Bay and south Puget Sound, Washington, reported up to a 50\% loss of market-ready oysters occurring over a brief 2-3 wk span. Research findings indicate genetic pedigree, ploidy, culture practice, and prior exposure to environmental stress have varying influences on the expression of the summer mortality disease in Pacific oysters. The ability of oysters to survive episodes of summer mortality is in part genetically determined and perhaps enhanced through selective breeding of families showing high survival traits. Pedigreed lines of oysters with different genetic histories, produced by the Oregon State University Molluscan Broodstock Program (MBP), displayed markedly differential survival, yields, and growth rates. An ongoing Western Regional Aquaculture Center (WRAC) project is exploring an alternative approach that utilizes crossbreeding, the crossing of inbred lines of oysters to produce "hybrids." Initial evaluations of hybrid lines grown out in Hood Canal, Washington, in 2001 to 2002 suggest exceptional performance. Triploid and diploid oysters appear to have different optimal environments. The definition of their respective requirements and responses is essential for maximizing their survival and productivity. Field experiments and grower observations have demonstrated sporadic high triploid mortalities and wide variation in survival compared with diploid oysters planted at the same locations.}, keywords = {Pacific oyster = Crassostrea gigas, shellfish}, author = {Suhrbier, A.D. and Cheney, D. and Elston, R. and Friedman, C. and Griffin, F. and Langdon, C. and Davis, J. and Christy, A.} } @article {13701, title = {Wetland Profiles of Oregon{\textquoteright}s Coastal Watersheds and Estuaries: Part 3 of a Hydrogeomorphic Guidebook. Report to Coos Watershed Association, US Environmental Protection Agency, and Oregon Depart. of State Lands, Salem.}, year = {2005}, note = {Bibliography is with the 2nd volume of this handbook, "Oregon Tidal Wetland Functions Literature Review \& Data." This volume summarizes the state of tidal and non-tidal wetlands on the Oregon Coast. Looks at potential stressors, water quality. Gives detailed descriptions of 3 wetlands in the Netarts Estuary. The wetlands were assessed in 2003. About 55\% of the Netarts Estuary is tidal wetland.}, pages = {89 p.}, keywords = {aquatic invertebrates, aquatic vegetation, birds, Cape Lookout State Park, estuarine dynamics, flooding, human impacts, Jackson Creek, Netarts Bay, Netarts Spit, salinity, sediments, species list, statistics, terrestrial mammals, tidal processes, water quality, wetland delineation, wetland vegetation}, url = {https://www.oregon.gov/dsl/WW/Documents/tidal_HGM_pt3.pdf}, author = {Adamus, Paul R. and Larsen, Jennifer and Scranton, Russell} } @mastersthesis {55376, title = {The Application of Geographic Information Systems for Delineation and Classification of Tidal Wetlands for Resource Management of Oregon{\textquoteright}s Coastal Watersheds}, year = {2004}, note = {This report is the product of a Capstone Project and is submitted in place of a thesis. "Research paper submitted to Marine Resource Management Program, College of Oceanic \& Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science." Not just a technical report, this is a reader-friendly look at GIS in conservation. Good summary of historical regulation. Gives acreages potentially available as wetlands for streams covered. Major professor was Robert Frenkel.}, pages = {105 p.}, school = {Oregon State University}, type = {Capstone Report}, edition = {M.S.}, chapter = {College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Marine Resource Management Program}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, keywords = {Alsea River, Beaver Creek, Coos Bay, Coquille River, Depoe Bay, geographic information systems, Necanicum River, Nehalem River, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, Salmon River Estuary, salt marsh vegetation, Sand Lake, Siletz Bay, Siltcoos River, Siuslaw River, Sixes River, Ten Mile Creek, tidal data, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River, wetland vegetation, wetlands, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_projects/5999n7779}, author = {Scranton, Russell W.} } @article {13721, title = {Improvement of disease resistance and understanding of summer mortality in Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas}, volume = {23}, number = {1}, year = {2004}, note = {Abstract only. Discusses summer mortalities of Pacific oysters and points to genetics as a major factor. "During the 2002 to 2003 growing season, . . . farmers in Carlsbad, CA, Netarts Bay, OR, and Willapa Bay and south Puget Sound, Washington reported up to a 50\% loss of market-ready oysters occurring over a brief 2 to 3 week span."}, month = {2004}, pages = {284-285}, abstract = {Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) summer mortalities are a recurring problem in the United States, Japan, France, and Mexico. During the 2002 to 2003 growing season, for example, farmers in Carlsbad, CA, Netarts Bay, OR, and Willapa Bay and south Puget Sound, Washington reported up to a 50\% loss of market-ready oysters occurring over a brief 2 to 3 week span. Research findings indicate genetic pedigree, ploidy, culture practice, and prior exposure to environmental stress have varying influences on the expression of the summer mortality disease in Pacific oysters. Key facets of research to date include (1) the ability of oysters to survive episodes of summer mortality is in part genetically determined and perhaps can be enhanced through selective breeding of families showing high survival traits. Pedigreed lines of oysters with different genetic histories, produced by the Oregon State University Molluscan Broodstock Program (MBP), displayed markedly differential survival, yields, and growth rates during episodes of summer mortality at project study locations in California and Washington. There is a strong and consistent genetic response of families to environmental stress that is independent of when the families were produced and planted. In addition, prior inconsistent mortalities occurring across large culture plots can, at least in part, be explained by differential genetic backgrounds of the oyster crops. (2) Triploid and diploid oysters appear to have different optimal environments and definition of their respective requirements and response is essential for maximizing their survival and productivity. Field experiments and grower observations have demonstrated sporadic high triploid mortalities and wide variation in survival compared with diploid oysters planted at the same locations. Overall, triploid oysters grown at Puget Sound test sites in 2000 to 2002 experienced a cumulative mortality of 8\%-28\% above the mortality rates of diploid oysters planted in comparable plots.}, keywords = {bivalves, genetics, human use and impacts, molluscs, mortality, Netarts Bay, Pacific oyster = Crassostrea gigas, shellfish}, doi = {org/10.2983/035.030.0310}, author = {Cheney, D. and Burnett, L. and Christy, A. and Davis, J. and Elston, R. and Friedman, C. and Griffin, F. and Langdon, C. and Suhrbier, A.} } @article {26196, title = {Oregon Wetland Planning Guidebook}, year = {2004}, note = {This is a valuable, if dated, look at the regulatory process for wetlands in Oregon: the decision-making process and the agencies involved. }, pages = {198 p.}, institution = {Oregon Dept. of State Lands, Oregon Dept. of Land Conservation and Development}, address = {Salem, Or.}, keywords = {aquatic vegetation, environmental law and policy, general, land ownership, land use, marsh restoration, natural resource management, salt marsh, wetland delineation, wetland mitigation, wetland restoration, wetland vegetation}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/kd17cx459}, author = {Oregon. Dept. of State Lands, and Oregon. Dept. of Land Conservation and Development, and Shapiro \& Associates (Seattle, Wash.), and Winterbrook Planning} } @article {13746, title = {Exploring the use of red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa) fruit on the southern Northwest Coast of North America}, volume = {30}, year = {2003}, note = {Discusses the discovery of a store of red elderberry seeds at 35-TI-1, the Netarts Sandspit village archeological site, native American use of red elderberry, fruit remains at other West Coast sites, and nutritional values of local fruits.}, pages = {p.695-707}, keywords = {archeology, Netarts Spit, paleosciences, red elderberry = Sambucus racemosa}, doi = {10.1016/S0305-4403(02)00242-X}, author = {Losey, Robert J. and Stenholm, Nancy and Whereat-Phillips, Patty and Vallianatos, Helen} } @book {83253, title = {Macroinvertebrates of the Pacific Northwest: A Field Guide}, year = {2003}, note = {A good way to assess the health of a stream involves taking a census of its resident aquatic invertebrates. This field guide packs a lot of information into a few pages {\textendash} scientific and popular names, size, range, habitat, behavior, type of feeder, and tolerance to anthropogenic stress. Most species identified are aquatic insects. Color photographs. The guide was originally issued as a companion to the book Stream Bugs as Biomonitors: Guide to Pacific Northwest Macroinvertebrate Monitoring.}, publisher = {Xerces Society}, organization = {Xerces Society}, chapter = {15 p.}, address = {Portland, Or.}, keywords = {annelids, aquatic invertebrates, bivalves, crustaceans, ecosystem health, Field guide, gastropods, identification, insects, mollusks, mussels, nematodes}, url = {https://www.xerces.org/sites/default/files/2018-05/08-009_01_Macroinvertebrate-Field-Guide.pdf}, author = {Adams, Jeff and Vaughan, Mace and Xerces Society,,} } @article {13756, title = {An application of LIDAR to analyses of El Nino erosion in the Netarts Llttoral cell, Oregon}, volume = {18}, number = {4}, year = {2002}, note = {"El Nino produces coastal and beach erosion along the West Coast of the USA by elevating mean water levels so that tides are significantly higher than predicted, and by altering the paths of storms that generate large waves." (from the Abstract) Study used LIDAR to document shoreline changes in the Netarts littoral cell that took place during the 1997-98 El Nino.}, pages = {p.792-801}, abstract = {El Nino produces coastal and beach erosion along the West Coast of the USA by elevating mean water levels so that tides are significantly higher than predicted, and by altering the paths of storms that generate large waves. In the past it has been difficult to adequately document the erosion impacts since they are so widespread. This difficulty has been solved through the application of LIDAR, which uses a scanning laser mounted in a small aircraft to rapidly and accurately survey beach elevations. This study uses LIDAR to document the beach changes and shoreline erosion that occurred during the 1997-98 El Nino within the Netarts Littoral Cell on the Oregon coast, a 14-km long "pocket beach" between large rocky headlands. The LIDAR surveys demonstrate that sand generally migrated northward within the cell due to the southwest approach of the El Nino storm waves, but there was a complex pattern of beach-elevation change due to the superposition of eroded rip-current embayments. The greatest beach erosion occurred near the south end of the cell, where it impacted Cape Lookout State Park, and to the north of the inlet to Netarts Bay where it threatened The Capes, a development of condominiums located on a high bluff. In both cases the LIDAR data proved to be extremely useful in quantifying the erosion, and in providing a better understanding of the erosion processes that occur during an El Nino.}, keywords = {coastal processes, erosion, geology}, author = {Revell, David L. and Komar, Paul D. and Sallenger, Asbury H.} } @article {13776, title = {Recovery of wild salmonids in Western Oregon lowlands}, volume = {no.2002-1}, year = {2002}, note = {Focus on lower rivers and estuaries. Good summaries of states of streams. Appendix B gives stream miles that meet EPA 303(d) water quality standards.}, pages = {169 p.}, institution = {Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team,}, address = {Salem, Or.}, keywords = {estuaries, habitat restoration, human impacts, Oncorhynchus spp., salmon}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/7d278t113}, author = {Independent Multidisciplinary Science Team, and Buckhouse, John and Elmore, Wayne and Gregory, Stanley and Kavanagh, Kathleen and Pearcy, William G. and Schreck, Carl B.} } @proceedings {13786, title = {An application of LIDAR to erosion hotspots in the Netarts littoral cell, Oregon}, year = {2001}, note = {Unpaginated paper (from CD). Hotspots examined include: Cape Lookout State Park, Netarts Bay Spit, the tidal inlet, and The Capes development.}, month = {January 8-11, 20}, pages = {17 p.}, publisher = {NOAA Coastal Services Center}, address = {Charleston, SC}, keywords = {Cape Lookoout, Cape Lookout State Park, Cape Meares, coastal processes, El Nino, erosion, Netarts Spit, The Capes}, url = {https://webapp1.dlib.indiana.edu/virtual_disk_library/index.cgi/5293706/FID261/pdf_files/fin_abs/revell_f.pdf}, author = {Revell, David L. and Komar, Paul D. and Sallenger, A.} } @article {13806, title = {3.3 Summary and current status of Oregon{\textquoteright}s estuarine ecosystems}, year = {2000}, note = {It is interesting to note that Netarts Bay had only lost about 7\% of its wetlands in the period from 1870 to 1970, making it one of the most unscathed of Oregon{\textquoteright}s estuaries.}, month = {2000}, institution = {Oregon Progress Board}, address = {Salem, Or.}, keywords = {agriculture, general ecosystem description, human impacts, hydrology, industrial development, invasive species, logging, natural resource management, Netarts Bay, tidal marsh, water pollution, water quality, water temperature}, url = {https://library.state.or.us/repository/2010/201008161553181/}, author = {Good, James W.}, editor = {Risser, Paul G. and State of Oregon Environmental Report Science Panal, and Oregon Progress Board} } @article {82431, title = {Oregon{\textquoteright}s changing coastal fishing communities}, volume = {no.ORESU-O-99-001}, year = {1999}, note = {This publication looks at Oregon fishing communities in the late 1990s, a period of stress and rapid change. It gives an overview of applicable legislation, explores the concept of sustainability, and reviews community resources. Appendices compare trolling and trawling, profile fishing towns, and present an extensive bibliography of fishing community studies. }, pages = {73 p.}, institution = {Oregon State University. Oregon Sea Grant}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, keywords = {Astoria (Or.), Bandon (Or.), Brookings (Or.), Charleston (OR.), commercial fisheries, demographics, Depoe Bay (Or.), economics, environmental law and policy, Florence (Or.), Garibaldi (Or.), Gold Beach (Or.), natural resource management, Newport (Or.), Pacific City (Or.), Port Orford (Or.), Reedsport (Or.), sustainability, Winchester Bay (Or.)}, url = {https://seagrant.oregonstate.edu/sites/seagrant.oregonstate.edu/files/sgpubs/onlinepubs/o99001.pdf}, author = {Conway, Flaxen D. L. and Cordray, Sheila and Cramer, Lori and Finley, Carmel and Gilden, Jennifer and Goblirsch, Ginny and Smith, Court and Oregon State University. Sea Grant College Program,} } @article {13881, title = {Models of rapid relative sea-level change in Washington and Oregon, USA}, volume = {8}, number = {2}, year = {1998}, note = {Discusses the history of sea-level changes due to seismic disturbances in the Pacific Northwest. Uses the Johns River in Washington State and Netarts Bay in Oregon as data sources. Discusses possible models for rapid sea-level changes. Maps, charts.}, month = {1998}, pages = {129-142}, abstract = {Much geological evidence points to repeated plate-boundary earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone, Pacific Northwest USA. Current land motions, calculated using short-term (100 yr) tide gauge, repeat levelling and other geodetic data, record deformation during the present interseismic period. These short-term data form the basis of efforts to model longer-term plate-boundary deformation and assess seismic hazard in this region. In this paper we use relative sea-level (RSL) data from the last 4000 cal. yr BP to examine four aspects of these plate-boundary deformation models over several earthquake cycles: rates of isostatic rebound, the spatial pattern and magnitude of coseismic deformation, and rates of interseismic strain accumulation. Age/altitude plots of RSL data from a 300-km-long string of sites stretching from Copalis River (central Washington) to Alsea Bay (central Oregon) reveal a systematic north- south decline in the rate of isostatic rebound equal to c. 0.25 +- 0.02 mm yr1 100 km 1 . High precision microfossil and RSL data from Johns River (Washington) and Netarts Bay (Oregon) register repeated episodes of late-Holocene coseismic submergence. This is contrary to the coseismic uplift expected, based on differences in uplift rates calculated using late-Quaternary marine terrace data from the region. Moreover, the magnitudes of coseismic submergence inferred from these RSL data are typically half the modelled predictions based on current deformation rates. Lastly, we identify evidence from Netarts Bay for pre-seismic RSL rise of up to 0.4 mm yr1 in the decades immediately preceding each episode of marsh burial. Together, our findings shine new light on models of rapid relative sea-level rise in the Pacific Northwest, and highlight the need to strengthen further the dialogue between long-term geological and short-term geodetic studies in this region.}, keywords = {coastal hazards, geology, Netarts Bay}, author = {Long, A. J. and Shennan, I.} } @article {13901, title = {Tidal marsh stratigraphy, sea-level change and large earthquakes-II: submergence events during the last 3500 years at Netarts Bay, Oregon, USA}, volume = {17}, number = {no.4}, year = {1998}, note = {Investigates "peat-mud couplets" - alternating layers of peat and mud. Finds three peat-mud couplets showing gradual sedimentation changes and four couplets showing rapid subsidence indicative of large earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone. Examines hypotheses regarding the details of these cycles.}, month = {1998}, pages = {p.365-393}, abstract = {This is the second investigation where we apply the methods and scientific framework common to sea-level investigations in northwest Europe to test a model of coseismic land subsidence followed by land uplift during interseismic strain accumulation, used to explain alternating peat-mud couplets of late Holocene age found in many of the estuaries of the Pacific Northwest of the USA and Canada. Recent studies in this region interpret such couplets as the product of repeated large (magnitude 8 or 9) earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone. Stratigraphic investigations of the intertidal sediments at Netarts Bay, Oregon, using lithological, pollen and diatom analyses reveal different types of submergence associated with peat-mud couplets during the last 3500yr. Three peat-mud couplets record gradual sedimentation changes within an infilling body of water. Four other couplets record rapid submergence, burial of tidal marshes and their replacement by low marsh environments. In three of the events rapid submergence is small, 0-0.5m. The most recent marsh submergence event, around AD 1700, was 0.4+/-0.3m. Most of the buried peats contain microfossil evidence for a gradual increase in marine influence before the rapid change from organic to minerogenic sedimentation. Similar gradual changes are common in comparable pale environments on non-seismic coasts and are strong evidence against a simple interseismic strain accumulation-coseismic subsidence model. One hypothesis is that the gradual increase in marine influence before each submergence represents pre-seismic relative sea-level rise caused by a reduction in the rate of land uplift. The microfossil analyses provide evidence of three stages within an earthquake deformation cycle: coseismic subsidence; interseismic land uplift; and pre-seismic reduction in the rate of land uplift. At present the microfossil data do not differentiate between rapid post-seismic land uplift and rapid sedimentation.}, keywords = {coastal hazards, geology, tsunamis}, author = {Shennan, I. and Long, A. and Rutherford, M. M. and Innes, J.B. and Green, F.M. and Walker, K.J.} } @inbook {14201, title = {Tillamook}, booktitle = {Northwest Coast}, series = {Handbook of North American Indians}, volume = {7}, year = {1990}, note = {General overview of what was known about the Tillamook people in the late 1980s. Brief treatment of Native American history and culture.}, pages = {p.560-567}, publisher = {Smithsonian Institution}, organization = {Smithsonian Institution}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, keywords = {anthropology, geographic distribution, historical, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, paleosciences, Salmon River, Sand Lake, Siletz Bay, Tillamook Bay}, author = {Seaburg, William R. and Miller, Jay}, editor = {Suttles, Wayne} } @article {14211, title = {Erosion of Netarts Spit, Oregon: continued impacts of the 1982-83 El Nino}, volume = {57}, number = {no.1}, year = {1989}, month = {1989}, pages = {p.11-19}, keywords = {coastal processes, erosion, erosion data, Netarts Spit}, author = {Komar, Paul D. and Good, James W. and Shyuer-Ming, S.} } @article {14246, title = {Species profiles : life histories and environmental requirements of coastal fishes and invertebrates (Pacific Northwest) : ghost shrimp and blue mud shrimp}, volume = {no. 82-11.93}, year = {1989}, note = {This is a classic overview of the biology and life history of ghost shrimp and mud shrimp in the Pacific Northwest, although the heavily parasitized mud shrimp may soon become extinct in Oregon estuaries. Good bibliography, if a bit dated. Map, charts, line drawings.}, pages = {14 p.}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, commercial fisheries - shellfish, Coos Bay, Coquille Bay, crustaceans, fecundity, general, Ghost shrimp = Neotrypaea californiensis (Callianassa californiensis), growth, life history information, Mud shrimp = Upogebia pugettensis, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, recreational fisheries - shellfish, reproductive behavior, Rogue River estuary, Salmon River Estuary, Sand Lake, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw Bay, taxonomy, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a206132.pdf}, author = {Hornig, Susanna and Sterling, Anita and National Wetlands Research Center (U.S.), and Smith, Stanley DeWitt and U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. Coastal Ecology Group, and National Wetlands Research Center (U.S.),} } @inbook {14281, title = {Netarts Bay OR}, booktitle = {Physical and hydrologic characteristics, the Oregon estuaries}, series = {National Estuarine Inventory: Supplement 1}, year = {1988}, note = {No page numbers. Succinct summary of hydrographic data for the bay, focusing on dimensions, depth, freshwater flow, tidal prism, mixing zones. Map shows tidal mixing zones and head of tide. In Google Books.}, pages = {4.20a-4.20b}, keywords = {hydrology, Netarts Bay}, url = {https://tinyurl.com/uyeg2p6}, author = {Shirzad, Farzad F. and Orlando, S. Paul and Klein, C. J. and Holliday, S. E. and Warren, M. A. and Monaco, Mark E. and U.S. Ocean Assessments Division. Strategic Assessment Branch,} } @article {14311, title = {Oregon Agriculture and Fisheries Statistics}, year = {1987}, note = {Broad summary. Does not give landings by port, but does give oyster production on State lands by bay for Coos, Netarts, Tillamook, Umpqua and Yaquina Bays. This series is good for historical data, but aquaculture data can no longer be found here.}, keywords = {aquatic invertebrates, bivalves, catch statistics, Crassostrea gigas = Pacific oyster, general, molluscs, Yaquina Bay}, editor = {Oregon Agricultural Statistics Service} } @book {14316, title = {The Oregon Estuary Plan Book}, year = {1987}, note = {This classic work provides valuable information about the state of Oregon estuaries in the mid-1980s. Maps show substrates, channels, locations of eelgrass beds and algae, natural sites and environmentally significant locations such as the locations of nesting eagles or snowy plovers. Line drawings, b/w potographs.}, month = {1987}, pages = {126 p.}, publisher = {Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development}, organization = {Oregon Department of Land Conservation and Development}, address = {Salem, OR}, keywords = {aquatic vegetation, estuaries, maps, natural resource management, sediments}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/wd375x07c}, author = {Cortright, Robert and Weber, Jeffrey and Bailey, Robert and Rohse, Mitch and Snow, Patricia and Hill, Starla and Oregon. Department of Land Conservation and Development,} } @article {77181, title = {Paleogeographic evolution of the United States Pacific Northwest during Paleogene time}, journal = {Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences}, volume = {24}, number = {8}, year = {1987}, note = {The period from 66-23.03 million years ago is known as the Paleogene. It is the time when mammals experienced rapid evolution. So did the Pacific Northwest. This article summarizes the recent evolution of the region, from plate collisions to vulcanism, from faulting to sedimentation.}, month = {08/1987}, pages = {p.1652-1667}, keywords = {general, geology, Pacific Northwest, paleosciences, Yachats Basalt}, author = {Heller, Paul L. and Tabor, Rowland W. and Suczek, Christopher A.} } @book {14366, title = {Species Profiles : Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (Pacific Northwest) : Coho Salmon}, series = {Biological Report (Washington, D.C.)}, number = {no.82 (11.48)}, year = {1986}, note = {This is a classic overview of the biology and life history of coho salmon in the Pacific Northwest. Good bibliography, if a bit dated. Map, charts, line drawings.}, month = {1986}, pages = {18 p.}, publisher = {U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station}, organization = {U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station}, address = {Washington, D.C.; Vicksburg, Miss.}, keywords = {Alsea River, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Coquille River, geographic distribution, habitats, life history information, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, North Umpqua River, Rogue River, Siletz River, Siuslaw River, Smith River, South Umpqua River, taxonomy, Trask River, Umpqua River, water quality, water temperature}, url = {https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA172613.pdf}, author = {Laufle, Jeffrey C. and Pauley, Gilbert B. and Shepard, Michael F. and U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. Coastal Ecology Group, and National Coastal Ecosystems Team} } @article {14381, title = {Variability of embryo development rate, fry growth, and disease susceptibility in hatchery stocks of chum salmon}, volume = {57}, number = {no.1-4}, year = {1986}, note = {Used males from three hatchery stocks, including Netarts hatchery stock, and females from Netarts stock. Studied how different combinations of parentage (dams or sires) affected time between spawning and hatching, fry lengths after 1 month after hatching, and susceptibility to vibriosis.}, month = {1986}, pages = {p.219-226}, abstract = {Three hatchery stocks of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) contributed sperm to a factorial breeding experiments. Matings with four females form the Netarts stock produced 60 sibling groups which were uniquely marked and combined as fry. There was an effect of paternal hatchery stock and of dam on time between spawning and hatching, an effect of sires in one paternal stock and of dam on fry lengths after 1 month of rearing, and an effect of sires within paternal stocks on susceptibility to vibriosis.}, keywords = {chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, salmon, Whiskey Creek Hatchery}, author = {Smoker, W.W.} } @article {14401, title = {Morphometric variations of five tidal marsh halophytes along environmental gradients.}, volume = {72}, number = {no.9}, year = {1985}, note = {Studied changes in plant morphology for 5 salt-tolerant wetland plants in the Netarts Bay salt marsh. The study found significant morphological variation along relatively short transects, possibly indicating different substrates. }, month = {1985}, pages = {p.1340-1352}, abstract = {Morphological characteristics of Deschampsia cespitosa, Grindelia integrifolia, Distichlis spicata, Jaumea carnosa , and Salicornia virginica varied significantly along transects between the upper and lower portions of an Oregon salt marsh. Plant height, height of the flowering shoot, leaf number and width, internode length, branching, and stem diameter varied with position in the marsh. Anatomical differences in stem structure were also obvious. Lignification of vascular bundles of D. spicata , the amount of secondary xylem in G. integrifolia , and vascular bundle size in J. carnosa were greatest in the upper marsh zone. The quantity of aerenchymatous tissue in S. virginica was greatest at the lower, wetter end of the transect. Reproductive effort was greatest at the upper distributional limit of G. integrifolia and D. spicata while greatest in J. carnosa at its lower limit.}, keywords = {Marsh jaumea = Jaumea carnosa, morphology, Pickleweed = Salicornia virginica, Puget Sound gumweed = Grindelia integrifoli, salt marsh, Saltgrass = Distichlis spicata, Tufted harigrass = Deschampsia cespitosa, wetland delineation, wetland vegetation}, author = {Seliskar, D.M.} } @book {14476, title = {The ecology of estuarine channels of the Pacific Northwest coast: a community profile}, series = {FWS/OBS}, volume = {no.83/05}, year = {1983}, note = {Overview of assemblages in estuarine channels in this region: benthic fauna, epifauna, zooplankton, fishes, birds, mammals. Illustrations, charts and maps.Available in Google Books.}, publisher = {U.S. Department of the Interior. Fish and Wildlife Service}, organization = {U.S. Department of the Interior. Fish and Wildlife Service}, chapter = {101 pp.}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, url = {https://tinyurl.com/rn8zw9y}, author = {Simenstad, Charles A. and U.S. National Coastal Ecosystems Team,} } @article {14481, title = {The ecology of tidal marshes of the Pacific Northwest coast : a community profile}, year = {1983}, pages = {65 p.}, address = {Washington, DC}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic vegetation, birds, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, fishes, geographic distribution, natural resource management, Necanicum Bay, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca River estuary, Netarts Bay, Rogue River estuary, salinity, Salmon River Estuary, Sand Lake Estuary, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw Bay, Sixes River estuary, soils, species list, terrestrial mammals, tidal marsh, tidal processes, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River estuary, wetland vegetation, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://tinyurl.com/2vsbvs8c}, author = {Seliskar, Denise M. and Gallagher, John L. and National Coastal Ecosystems Team and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Division of Biological Services, and University of Delaware. College of Marine Studies,} } @book {14506, title = {Species Profiles : Life Histories and Environmental Requirements of Coastal Fishes and Invertebrates (Pacific Northwest) : Chinook Salmon}, series = { FWS/OBS}, number = {no.82 (11.6)}, year = {1983}, note = {Good bibliography.}, month = {1983}, pages = {15 p.}, publisher = {U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service}, organization = {U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, keywords = {Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Coos River, Coquille River, geographic distribution, habitats, life history information, Rogue River, Siletz River, Siuslaw River, taxonomy, turbidity, Umpqua River, water quality, water temperature, Yaquina River}, url = {https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a147263.pdf}, author = {Beauchamp, David A. and Shepard, Michael F. and Pauley, Gilbert B. and National Coastal Ecosystems Team (U.S.), and U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station. Coastal Ecology Group,} } @article {14511, title = {Commercial Clam Production. Annual Eeport. October 1, 1980 to September 30, 1981}, year = {1982}, note = {"During the year we continued our studies on the clam resources in Oregon{\textquoteright}s estuaries. Our objectives were: to collect data for developing a scientifically sound clam management data base and to refine techniques for assessing the potential for a commercial clam fishery in several of Oregon{\textquoteright}s estuaries. In addition we continued to monitor the growth of laboratory reared Manila littleneck clams (Tapes japonica) released in Netarts Bay." (from the Introduction)}, month = {March_1982}, pages = {23 p.}, institution = {=Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife}, address = {[Portland, OR]}, keywords = {abundance, age composition, aquaculture, aquatic invertebrates, biological, bivalves, Butter clam = Saxidomus giganteus, Coast Guard Station, Cockle clam = Clinocardium nuttallii, commercial fisheries - shellfish, Coos Bay, Gaper clam = Tresus capax, human impacts, Littleneck clam = Leukoma staminea, Manila clam = Venerupis japonica, molluscs, natural resource management, Netarts Bay, Pigeon Point, population biology, reproductive behavior, size composition, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/wp988k57b}, author = {Gaumer, Thomas F. and Starr, Richard M. and Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, and National Marine Fisheries Service} } @article {14516, title = {Commercial Clam Production. Completion Report. October 1, 1979 to December 31, 1981}, year = {1982}, note = {"We completed our assessment of commercial clam harvest potential in Tillamook, Yaquina and Coos bays. All three bays contained commercial quantities of clams. Detailed studies in Yaquina Bay in 1981 revealed a biomass estimate of 2.6 million pounds (1,179.1 mt) of gaper clams (Tresus capax) in the study tract." (from the Abstract)}, month = {March_1982}, pages = {16 p.}, institution = {Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife,}, address = {[Portland, OR]}, keywords = {abundance, age composition, aquatic invertebrates, biological, bivalves, Butter clam = Saxidomus giganteus, catch statistics, Coast Guard Station, Cockle clam = Clinocardium nuttallii, commercial fisheries - shellfish, Coos Bay, Gaper clam = Tresus capax, general, life history information, Littleneck clam = Leukoma staminea, molluscs, natural resource management, piddock clam = Zirfaea pilsbryi, population biology, sediments, size composition, stained macoma = Macoma inquinata, statistical analyses, Tillamook estuary, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/kk91fm31s}, author = {Gaumer, Thomas F. and Starr, Richard M. and Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, and National Marine Fisheries Service} } @book {14551, title = {Chinese porcelains from site 35-TI-1, Netarts sand spit, Tillamook County, Oregon}, series = {University of Oregon anthropological papers}, volume = {no.23}, year = {1981}, month = {1981}, pages = {37 p.}, publisher = {Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon}, organization = {Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon}, address = {Eugene, OR}, keywords = {archeology, historical, human use and impacts}, author = {Beals, H. K. and Steele, Harvey} } @article {14741, title = {Angler{\textquoteright}s guide to the United States Pacific coast: marine fish, fishing grounds \& facilities}, year = {1977}, note = {Thorough information and charts regarding recreational fisheries given for entire coast}, month = {November_1977}, institution = {U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service}, address = {Seattle, WA}, keywords = {abundance, breakwater, Coquille Point, general, geographical distribution, Idaho Point, King Slough, McLean Point, Oneatta Point, recreational fisheries - grounfish, salmon, shellfish, South Beach Marina, Yaquina Bay, Yaquina City}, author = {James L Jr. Squire and Smith, Susan E. and National Marine Fisheries Service} } @article {14766, title = {Oregon Bay Clam Distribution, Abundance, Planting Sites and Effects of Harvest. Annual report. July 1, 1976-September 30, 1977}, year = {1977}, note = {Continued to chart the distribution of intertidal and subtidal populations of clams in Oregon. Looked for possible clam planting sites. Colored maps.}, month = {July_1977}, pages = {38 p.}, institution = {Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife}, address = {[Portland, OR]}, keywords = {aquaculture, Butter clam = Saxidomus giganteus, California softshell clam = Cryptomya californica, Cockle clam = Clinocardium nuttallii, commercial fisheries - shellfish, Coos Bay, eelgrass = Zostera marina, Gaper clam = Tresus capax, growth, Littleneck clam = Leukoma staminea, Manila clam = Venerupis japonica, molluscs, Netarts Bay, Oregon Aqua Foods, recreational fisheries - shellfish, Red abalone = Haliotis rufescens, sediments, Softshell clam = Mya arenaria, spatial distribution, Tillamook Bay, Venus clam = Venerupis phillipinarum, Whale Cove, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/fb4949124}, author = {Gaumer, Thomas F. and Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, and National Marine Fisheries Service} } @article {14801, title = {Use of benthic sediments as indicators of marina flushing}, volume = {no.77-07}, year = {1977}, note = {"This report presents the findings of a sediment analysis program formulated to determine the flushing potential of various shaped small boat basins. Chemical tests regarding volatile solids, Kjeldahl nitrogen, grease and oil, and sulfides were performed with the results compared to established sediment quality criteria." (from the Abstract)}, month = {1977}, pages = {54 p.}, institution = {Oregon State University, Sea Grant College Program}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River, Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, Depoe Bay, Netarts Bay, physical modifications, sediment data, sediments, Siuslaw River estuary, sulphide, tidal currents, Umpqua River estuary, water pollution, Winchester Bay, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/39785}, author = {Slotta, Larry S. and Noble, Scott M.} } @article {14806, title = {Zooplankton and dredging: research perspectives from a critical overview}, volume = {13}, number = {no.3}, year = {1977}, note = {Examines effects of dredging on a foundation of the estuarine food chain, zooplankton. Compares Yaquina and Netarts Bays, noting that Yaquina Bay has a zooplankton bloom in the summer, while Netarts Bay does not. Most animals in Netarts Bay are flushed out daily with the tides. Notes that dredging would probably be less harmful in Netarts Bay. "In regions where plankton are continually renewed from ocean sources as in the Netarts Bay example there is little likelihood of harming an important part of the population [by dredging]." (p.462)}, pages = {p.461-468}, keywords = {dredging, ecosystem health, hydrology}, author = {Sullivan, Barbara K. and Hancock, Danil} } @book {14826, title = {The Natural Resources and Human Utilization of Netarts Bay, Oregon}, year = {1976}, note = {Comprehensive. "A group of fourteen students, from Oregon State and Portland State Universities, conducted an interdisciplinary survey of Netarts Bay, Oregon from June to September 1975. This study included a survey of the faunal characteristics of the benthos, a quantification and evaluation of eelgrass beds, an analysis of sediments, an evaluation of the chemical nature of the sea water, surveys of the distribution and abundance of major fin fish, an evaluation of the wildlife (avian, mammal, reptilian, amphibian), a quantification of human activities within the estuary and watershed, and a survey of human attitudes concerning the conservation and development of Netarts Bay." (from the Abstract)}, month = {1976}, pages = {247 p.}, publisher = {Oregon State University}, organization = {Oregon State University}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, keywords = {aquatic invertebrates, aquatic vegetation, biological, birds, estuariine dynamics, fish, general ecosystem description, habitats, human use and impacts, marine mammals, Netarts Bay, sediments, species list, wetland vegetation, Zostera marina}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/ng451p55m}, author = {Stout, Heather} } @mastersthesis {14876, title = {Shoreline Changes and Physiographic Hazards on the Oregon Coast}, year = {1975}, note = {Comprehensive overview of coastal hazards in 1975. Maps, photographs. History of erosion on the "Netarts Segment" (Cape Meares to Cape Lookout) given.}, pages = {201 p.}, school = {University of Oregon}, type = {Doctoral dissertation}, edition = {Ph. D.}, chapter = {Dept. of Geography}, address = {Eugene, Or.}, keywords = {Cape Lookout State Park, coastal hazards, earthquakes, erosion, geological, Happy Camp, landslides, Netarts Spit, sediments, theses}, author = {Stembridge, James Edward, Jr.} } @book {14916, title = {Descriptions and information sources for Oregon estuaries}, series = {WRRI (Series)}, volume = {no.19}, year = {1974}, month = {1974}, pages = {285 p.}, publisher = {Sea Grant College Program, Oregon State University}, organization = {Sea Grant College Program, Oregon State University}, address = {Corvallis, Or.}, keywords = {commercial fisheries, estuaries, general ecosystem description, human impact, industrial development, recreational fisheries, sediments, water quality}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/cj82kc411}, author = {Percy, Katherine L. and Bella, David A. and Sutterline, Chet and Klingeman, Peter C.} } @book {14926, title = {Fish and Wildlife Resources, Oregon Coastal Zone}, year = {1974}, note = {"Prepared by Ken Thompson, Oregon Wildlife Commission, [and] Dale Snow, Fish Commission of Oregon, for Oregon Coastal Conservation and Development Commission ; report coordination, editing \& graphics [by] SRG Partnership, PC."}, month = {1974}, pages = {114 p}, publisher = {Fish Commission of Oregon, Oregon Coastal Conservation and Development Commission.}, organization = {Fish Commission of Oregon, Oregon Coastal Conservation and Development Commission.}, address = {Portland, Or.}, keywords = {fish, wildlife}, author = {Thompson, Kenneth E. and Snow, Dale} } @book {14946, title = {Relevant data concerning proposed discharges of domestic wastes into Netarts Bay, Oregon}, series = {ORESU-T}, volume = {no.74-002}, year = {1974}, note = {This report is a study to determine the best means of discharging domestic waste collected from Netarts and Oceanside (prior to the Netarts Sewage Treatment Plant). It presents data collected in the summer of 1971, and makes analyses and recommendations for a sewage treatment plant that discharges domestic waste in the open ocean west of Oceanside. It also makes recommendations on a discharge schedule that would take advantage of natural tidal flushing process if domestic waste was to be discharged in Netarts Bay Other cop. issued as: Oregon State University. Engineering Experiment Station. Bulletin Series.}, pages = {24 p}, publisher = {Oregon State University, Sea Grant College Program}, organization = {Oregon State University, Sea Grant College Program}, address = {Corvallis, OR}, keywords = {human impacts, hydrology, tidal currents, water pollution, water quality}, url = {https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/39196}, author = {Boley, Scott L. and Slotta, Larry S.} } @book {14956, title = {Tillamook Indians of the Oregon Coast}, year = {1974}, note = {This book explores the prehistory of the Tillamook Indians of the Oregon Coast through information gathered from early, archeological reports, original journals of explorers, and interviews with native descendents. The research text is supplemented with 150 photographs of bone and stone artifacts. There are some specific references to Netarts in this book including the spit, landing sites and village sites. }, publisher = {Binfords \& Mort}, organization = {Binfords \& Mort}, address = {Portland, OR}, keywords = {historical, human use and impacts}, author = {Sauter, John R. and Johnson, Bruce} } @proceedings {14961, title = {The use of standardized marine algal bioassays for nutrient assessment of Oregon coastal estuaries}, volume = {no.50}, year = {1974}, month = {1974}, pages = {110 p.}, publisher = {Oregon State University, Engineering Experiment Station}, address = {Corvallis, OR}, keywords = {Alsea River estuary, aquatic vegetation, bioassay, biological, chemical, Coos River estuary, diatoms, Dunaliella species, green algae, Nestucca River estuary, Netarts Bay, nitrogen, nutrient cycles, phosphorus, primary production, salinity, Sand Lake Estuary, Siletz River estuary, Siuslaw River estuary, Thalassiosira species, toxicity, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/q811kk38w}, author = {Specht, David T. and U.S.. National Science Foundation. Energy-Related General Research Office,} } @article {14991, title = {Spawning fish surveys in coastal watersheds, 1972}, volume = {no.73-3}, year = {1973}, month = {November_1973}, institution = {Fish Commission of Oregon}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, Beaver Creek estuary, biological, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, hatchery salmonids, human impacts, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, physical modifications, population biology, population count, salmonid species = Oncorhynchus species, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw Bay, Tenmile Creek, Tillamook Bay, weather}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/474299894}, author = {Skeesick, Delbert G.} } @book {15026, title = {Environmental geology of the coastal region of Tillamook and Clatsop Counties}, series = { Bulletin / State of Oregon, Department of Geology and Mineral Industries}, volume = {no.74}, year = {1972}, note = {B/w photographs, colored maps.}, pages = {164 p}, publisher = {Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries}, organization = {Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries}, address = {Portland, Or.}, keywords = {coastal hazards, geology, hydrology, maps, Netarts Bay}, url = {https://www.oregongeology.org/pubs/B/B-074.pdf}, author = {Schlicker, H.G. and Deacon, R.J. and Beaulie, J. D. and Olcott, G.W. and Oregon. District 1 Council of Governments,} } @article {15036, title = {The Japanese oyster drill, Ocenebra japonica Dunker, in Netarts Bay, Oregon.}, volume = {63}, year = {1972}, note = {Abstract only. "A viable population of T. japonica, localized on a sandy low-tide island in the tail of Netarts Bay, was the subject of a general investigation."}, pages = {p.10}, address = {Williamsburg, VA}, keywords = {introduced species, Japanese oyster drill = Tritonalia japonica, Pacific oyster = Crassostrea gigas, shellfish}, author = {Squire, Douglas Richard} } @mastersthesis {15041, title = {The Japanese Oyster Drill, Ocenebra japonica, in Netarts Bay, Oregon}, year = {1972}, note = {Sometime around 1930-1934, year-old Japanese oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were imported into Netarts Bay, as part of an early commercial growing operation. Along with them came the Japanese oyster drill, Ocenebra japonica. While the commercial oyster farms declined (the last commercial harvest was in 1957), the oyster drill remained. This population is located on a sand island at the back of the bay ({\textquoteright}Drill Island{\textquoteright} ). Netarts Bay is the only Oregon estuary where the drill is found. This thesis documents a study to locate the drill, learn about its movements, activities and feeding habits. The author points out that it is an "opportunity to study a pest-species at a time when it is not yet a pest." (p.2) Maps, charts, original bw photographs.}, pages = {65 p.}, school = {Oregon State University}, type = {Masters Thesis}, edition = {M. S.}, chapter = {General Science}, address = {Corvallis, OR}, abstract = { It has been shown that large localized population of Ocenebra japonica exists on a sandy low tide island in the tail of Netarts Bay. Introduced with Crassostrea gigas planted in the 1930{\textquoteright}s, the Japanese drill lives in association with relict oysters left behind by the defunct industry. Data from spat-baited traps furnished an index of distribution, and indicated the drills may move outward and downward in the summer, returning to the relicts for protection from winter weather when temperatures fall. Snails fed mono-specific diets of C. gigas, cockles (Clinocardium nuttalli), and Olivella biplicata were tested to determine prey preference. Naive (field) and starved specimens were also tested, and statistical comparison of these results demonstrated prey preference could be dietetically altered, and confirmed that C. nuttalli was the chief prey item in the field. A single spring spawning was noted, but few juvenile drills (< 18 mm) were recorded. The presence of numerous small prey- - some of which had been drilled- -and of a population distribution similar to literature reports indicate the population is viable. Fifty-three juveniles grew an average of 8. 76 mm in 85 days of unrestricted feeding. Local control measures for this potentially serious pest are discussed.}, keywords = {invertebrates, Japanese oyster drill = Ocenebra japonica, molluscs, Netarts Bay, Pacific oyster = Crassostrea gigas, theses}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/3t945v39g}, author = {Squire, Douglas Richard} } @article {15061, title = {Spawning fish surveys in coastal watersheds, 1971}, volume = {no.72-1}, year = {1972}, note = {Gives spawning counts for fall Chinook, coho and chum salmon.}, month = {August_1972}, institution = {Fish Commission of Oregon}, address = {Salem, Or.}, keywords = {Alsea River, Beaver Creek, biological, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Coos Bay, Coquille River, hatchery salmonids, human impacts, Kilchis River, Miami River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, Netarts Bay, physical modifications, population biology, population count, precipitation, salmonids = Oncorhynchus species, Siletz River, Siuslaw River, Tenmile Lakes, Tillamook Bay, Tillamook River, Trask River, weather, Whiskey Creek, wild salmonids, Wilson River}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/1g05fc341}, author = {Skeesick, Delbert G. and Oregon. Fish Commission. Management and Research Division,} } @book {15066, title = {Supplement to the Fish and Wildlife Resources of the North Coast Basin, Oregon, and Their Water Requirements, April 1968}, year = {1972}, note = {The report reviews some recreational use and economic considerations of the Basin{\textquoteright}s fish and wildlife resources. It gives some 1970 data on Netats oyster and clam commerical landing and recreational fisheries data. Gives recommended minimum flows and streams that should be protected from gravel removal.}, month = {1972}, pages = {52 p}, publisher = {Oregon State Game Commission}, organization = {Oregon State Game Commission}, address = {Salem, Or.}, keywords = {fish, hydrology, Necanicum Bay, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, recreational fisheries, salmon, Sand Lake, streamflow, Tillamook Bay, water temperature, water use, Youngs Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/x633f4560}, author = {Lannan, James E., Jr. and Smith, A.K. and Thompson, K.E.} } @article {15086, title = {Spawning fish surveys in coastal watersheds, 1970}, volume = {no.71-1}, year = {1971}, month = {June_1971}, pages = {52 p.}, institution = {Fish Commission of Oregon}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, Beaver Creek estuary, biological, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, hatchery salmonids, human impacts, Kilchis River, Miami River, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, physical modifications, population biology, population count, salmonid species = Oncorhynchus species, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River estuary, Tenmile Creek, Tillamook Bay, Tillamook River, Trask River, weather, Whiskey Creek, Wilson River, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/sn009z51x}, author = {Skeesick, Delbert G. and Oregon. Fish Commission, and United States. Fish and Wildlife Service,} } @article {15141, title = {Spawning fish surveys in coastal watersheds, 1969}, volume = {no.70-1}, year = {1970}, note = {Gives spawning counts for spring Chinook, fall Chinook, coho and chum salmon.}, month = {June_1970}, pages = {52 p.}, institution = {Fish Commission of Oregon}, keywords = {Alsea River, Beaver Creek, biological, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Coos Bay, Coquille River, hatchery salmonids, human impacts, Kilchis River, Miami River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, Netarts Bay, physical modifications, population biology, population count, precipitation, salmonids = Oncorhynchus species, Siletz River, Siuslaw River, Tenmile Lakes, Tillamook Bay, Tillamook River, Trask River, weather, Whiskey Creek, wild salmonids, Wilson River}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/5q47rp68k}, author = {Skeesick, Delbert G. and Oregon. Fish Commission and United States. Fish and Wildlife Service,} } @book {15156, title = {Potential hatchery sites on Oregon coastal streams: final subproject report}, year = {1969}, note = {General information only. Netarts Bay not considered in this study.}, month = {1969}, publisher = {Bureau of Commercial Fisheries}, organization = {Bureau of Commercial Fisheries}, address = {Oregon}, keywords = {hatcheries, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus species, water quality}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/ht24wk18c}, author = {Skeesick, Delbert G. and Gaumer, Thomas F. and U.S.. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries,} } @article {15161, title = {Spawning fish surveys in coastal watersheds, 1968}, year = {1969}, note = {Netarts Bay was surveyed for chum salmon.}, month = {April_1968}, pages = {24 p.}, institution = {Oregon Fish Commission}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, Beaver Creek, chinook salmon=Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, chum salmon=Oncorhynchus keta, coho salmon=Oncorhynchus kisutch, Coos Bay, Coquille River, Devils Lake, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, population count, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw Bay, Tenmile Creek, Tillamook Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/rn3012017}, author = {Skeesick, Delbert G. and Oregon. Fish Commission. Coastal Rivers Investigations,} } @article {15181, title = {Spawning fish surveys in coastal watersheds, 1967}, year = {1968}, note = {Spawning spring Chinook, fall Chinook, coho and chum salmon were counted.}, month = {April_1968}, institution = {Oregon Fish Commission}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, Beaver Creek estuary, biological, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Coos Bay, Coquille River estuary, Elk River estuary, hatchery salmonids, human impacts, Kilchis River, Miami River, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca River estuary, Netarts Bay, physical modifications, population biology, population count, salmonid species = Oncorhynchus species, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River estuary, Sixes River estuary, Tenmile Creek, Tillamook Bay, Tillamook River, Trask River, weather, Whiskey Creek, Wilson River}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/ft848r215}, author = {Skeesick, Delbert G. and Oregon. Fish Commission,} } @article {15206, title = {Geological evaluation of radar imagery, Oregon coast}, volume = {no.16}, year = {1966}, note = {Work performed under NASA Contract No. R-09-020-015}, month = {May_1966}, institution = {United States Geological Survey}, address = {Menlo Park, CA}, keywords = {geological, remote sensing}, author = {Parke D. Jr. Snavely and Wagner, Holly C.} } @article {15216, title = {Tillamook County Oyster Lands}, year = {1965}, note = {The purpose of this report is to review: ( 1) the current oyster regulations in Tillamook County; (2) problems associated wtth thess regulatlons; and,l(3) amount of grounds claimed for oyster production in Tillamook County and claimants." (Introduction) At the time the report was written, Tillamook County oyster lands fell under the County{\textquoteright}s jurisdiction, and the lack of oversight by the State had created problems including the ability of a few people to monopolize claims without actually growing anything, and the potential for the introduction of pests. Includes two hand-drawn maps of Tillamook and Netarts Bays showing oyster growing areas.}, month = {1965, Feb.17}, pages = {8 p.}, institution = {Fish Commission of Oregon}, keywords = {aquaculture, bivalves, environmental law and policy, Japanese oyster drill = Ocenebra japonica, land ownership, land use, molluscs, Netarts Bay, Pacific oyster = Crassostrea gigas, Tillamook Bay, Tillamook County}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/x346d513j}, author = {Snow, C. Dale and Oregon. Fish Commission. Shellfish Investigations,} } @book {23576, title = {Atlas of eastern Pacific marine game fishing}, series = {Circular / U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service }, volume = {no.174}, year = {1964}, note = {Fold-out charts}, month = {1964}, publisher = {United States Department of the Interior}, organization = {United States Department of the Interior}, address = {Washington D.C.}, keywords = {Alsea River estuary, biological, Chetco River estuary, Columbia River estuary, Coos River estuary, Coquille River estuary, Elk River estuary, geographical distribution, map, Nehalem River estuary, Nestucca River estuary, Netarts estuary, recreational fisheries, Rogue River estuary, Salmon River estuary, Siletz River estuary, Siuslaw River estuary, Sixes River estuary, species list, temporal distribution, Tillamook estuary, Umpqua River estuary, Yaquina Bay}, author = {Squire, James L. and United States. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, and United States. Fish and Wildlife Service,} } @book {15231, title = {Soil survey, Tillamook Area, Oregon}, series = {Soil Survey / United States. Soil Conservation Service }, volume = {no.18}, year = {1964}, month = {1964}, pages = {75 p.}, publisher = {United States Soil Conservation Service. }, organization = {United States Soil Conservation Service. }, keywords = {geology, sediment, soils}, url = {https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/oregon/TillamookOR_1964/TillamookOR_1964.pdf}, author = {Bowlsby, Clyde C. and Swanson, Richard C.} } @article {15236, title = {Crab fishermen interviews}, year = {1963}, note = {"As requested, crab fishermen, processing plants, boat moorages, and chambers of commerce along the Oregon coast ware interviewed to obtain their thinking on crab seasons and regulations." (p.1) Interviews were conducted from Astoria to Brookings.}, pages = {10 p.}, keywords = {Alsea Bay, Chetco River estuary, commercial fisheries - shellfish, Coos Bay, Coquille Bay, Depoe Bay, Dungeness crab = Metacarcinus magister (Cancer magister), environmental policy and law, natural resource management, Necanicum Bay, Nehalem Bay, Netarts Bay, Siletz Bay, Tillamook Bay, Winchester Bay, Yaquina Bay}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/08612p411}, author = {Snow, C. Dale and Oregon. Fish Commission} } @article {82681, title = {North Coast {\textendash} Tillamook District }, journal = {Oregon. State Game Commission. Fishery Division. Annual report, Fishery Division}, year = {1961}, note = {The Netarts Bay channel of Jackson Creek was dry except for seepage to a few small pools in September. Only trout zeros, probably cutthroat, were seen in the pools. A good flow in the main stream supported steelhead and cutthroat fingerlings. Flow to the Netarts channel, cut off by a gravel dike, was partially restored. (p.255)}, pages = {p.239-257}, keywords = {Netarts Bay, Jackson Creek, hydrology, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp., human impacts}, author = {Sumner, Francis H.} } @article {15251, title = {Netarts Bay clam summary}, year = {1960}, note = {"The problem,. stated in its briefest form, is that large numbers of gaper clams are being destroyed in Netarts Bay during the closed gaper season of January 1-June 30 while diggers are legally gathering butter clams and littlenecks..." (p.1) This report explores alternative management strategies to reduce wastage and illegal taking of clams.}, pages = {4 p.}, keywords = {abundance, aquatic invertebrates, bivalves, Butter clam = Saxidomus giganteus, Cape Lookout State Park, commercial fisheries - shellfish, Gaper clam = Tresus capax, geographical distribution, Littleneck clam = Leukoma staminea, molluscs, Netarts Bay, recreational fisheries - shellfish}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/9c67wn58g}, author = {Snow, C. Dale and Oregon. Fish Commission. Shellfish Program} } @article {82576, title = {North Coast {\textendash} Tillamook District}, journal = {Oregon State Game Commission, Fishery Division. Annual report - Fishery Division}, year = {1958}, note = {Discusses relative angling success on the Salmon River, hatchery releases, chum salmon spawning on Salmon Creek. For the first time, the moorage on the Salmon River kept records of fish caught, and those statistics are given. Also includes Coast Guard boat counts for Pacific City, Tillamook and Netarts Bays. Notes a silver run on Jackson Creek, a tributary of Netarts Bay.}, pages = {p.206-227}, keywords = {Alder Creek (Nestucca River), Bear Creek (Salmon River), Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, geographic distribution, habitat restoration, hatcheries, hatchery salmonids, human impacts, Jackson Creek (Netarts Bay), Kilchis River, Little Nestucca River, logging, Miami River, Neskowin Creek, Nestucca River, Netarts Bay, population count, recreational fisheries {\textendash} salmon, Salmon Creek, Salmon River, statistics, steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss, temporal distribution, Tillamook Bay, Tillamook River, Trask River, water pollution, wild salmonids, Wilson River}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/technical_reports/12579x43k }, author = {Sumner, Francis H.} } @book {15301, title = {Water Quality Data Inventory Supplement}, series = {Oregon State Water Resources Board Bulletin}, volume = {no.2}, year = {1957}, month = {1957}, publisher = {Oregon State Water Resources Board}, organization = {Oregon State Water Resources Board}, address = {Salem, Or}, keywords = {water pollution, water quality}, author = {Northcraft, Martin E. and Westgarth, Warren C. and Oregon State College Engineering Experiment Station} } @article {15306, title = {Fisheries statistics of Oregon 1950-1953}, volume = {no.22}, year = {1956}, institution = {Fish Commission of Oregon}, keywords = {fish, salmon}, url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/t722hf94b}, editor = {Smith, Harrison S.} } @book {15316, title = {Water Quality Data Inventory}, series = {Oregon State Water Resources Board bulletin}, volume = {no.1}, year = {1956}, month = {[1956]}, publisher = { Oregon State Water Resources Board}, organization = { Oregon State Water Resources Board}, address = {[Salem, Or.]}, keywords = {water pollution, water quality, water quality data}, author = {Westgarth, Warren C. and Northcraft, Martin and Oregon State College. Engineering Experiment Station} } @article {55316, title = {The salmon fisheries of Oregon}, journal = {Pacific Fisherman}, volume = {23}, year = {1925}, note = {This is a brief overview of Oregon salmon fisheries by the General Manager of the Oregon State Fish Commission. One of the more interesting aspects of this account is the author{\textquoteright}s comments on the citizenship requirement for getting a fishing license. The citizen requirement had been passed during a period of xenophobic alarms about foreigners taking {\textquotedblleft}our fish.{\textquotedblright} }, month = {1925, Feb.}, pages = {p.12-13, 20}, keywords = {commercial fisheries {\textendash} salmon, general, hatcheries, hatchery salmonids, natural resource management, Oregon, Pacific salmon = Oncorhynchus spp., recreational fisheries {\textendash} salmon}, author = {Shoemaker, Carl D.} } @booklet {49591, title = {Report on camp at Netarts Bay, Oregon}, year = {1914}, note = {Unpublished manuscript held at the University of Oregon Museum of Natural History in Eugene, Oregon.}, month = {1914}, pages = {4 p}, publisher = {University of Oregon Museum of Natural History}, address = {Eugene}, keywords = {birds}, author = {Shelton, A.C.} } @booklet {49596, title = {Report on field work at Netarts Bay, Tillamook Couny, Oregon}, year = {1914}, note = {Manuscript held at the University of Oregon Museum of Natural History, Eugene, Oregon.}, month = {1914}, pages = {2 p}, publisher = {University of Oregon Museum of Natural History}, address = {Eugene}, keywords = {birds}, author = {Shelton, Alfred C.} } @article {49581, title = {The fishes of the coastal streams of Oregon and Northern California}, volume = {27}, year = {1908}, note = {Bureau of Fisheries Document no. 638. In Google Books.}, month = {1908}, pages = {p.153-189}, keywords = {biological, fishes, general}, url = {https://tinyurl.com/2sz4xnbu}, author = {Snyder, John Otterbein} }