@mastersthesis {83185,
	title = {Factors Influencing Streamflow Generation Processes in Rain-dominated, Coastal Watersheds in Oregon},
	year = {2021},
	note = {The water in Oregon coastal streams comes from rainfall. As climate change shifts the timing and quantity of rainfall, already threatened species will be further stressed. This impressive doctoral dissertation examines how factors such as slope, lithology and land cover affect streamflow in watersheds stressed by climate change. Many coastal watersheds were examined. Mary Santelmann and Rebecca Flitcroft were co-major professors.},
	pages = {152 p.},
	school = {Oregon State University},
	type = {Doctoral Dissertation},
	edition = {Ph. D.},
	chapter = {Water Resources Science Program},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea River, climate, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Drift Creek (Alsea), geology, hydrology, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp., precipitation, Salmon River, sediments, Siletz River, Siuslaw River, streamflow, Yachats River, Yaquina River},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/f7623k880 },
	author = {Pazdral, Rosemary}
}
@article {83114,
	title = {A maximum rupture model for the central and southern Cascadia subduction zone{\textemdash}reassessing ages for coastal evidence of megathrust earthquakes and tsunamis},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {261 },
	number = {106922},
	year = {2021},
	note = {{\textquotedblleft}A new history of great earthquakes (and their tsunamis) for the central and southern Cascadia subduction zone shows more frequent (17 in the past 6700 yr) megathrust ruptures than previous coastal chronologies.{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract)  The article contains a link to supplementary data, also accessible through U.S. Geological Survey data releases.},
	month = {2021, Jun.1},
	pages = {19 p.},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, coastal hazards, Columbia River, Coos Bay, Coquille River, earthquakes, geology, mathematical modeling, Nehalem River, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, paleosciences, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River, tsunamis, Yaquina Bay},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106922 },
	author = {Nelson, Alan R. and DuRoss. Christopher B. and Witter, Robert C. and Kelsey, Harvey M. and Engelhart, Simon E. and Mahan, Shannon A. and Gray, Harrison J. and Hawkes, Andrea D. and Horton, Benjamin P. and Padgett, Jason S.}
}
@article {83040,
	title = {GIS data and method for determining maximum-considered local and distant tsunami wave arrival data for the Oregon coast},
	volume = {no.O-20-09},
	year = {2020},
	note = {This is a highly technical report showing the methodology used to develop maps giving arrival times for local and distant earthquake-generated tsunamis.  The report discusses issues leading to misleading or untrue wave arrival times and the techniques used to correct these problems.},
	pages = {23 p.},
	institution = {Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries},
	address = {Portland, Or.},
	keywords = {coastal hazards, earthquakes, geology, Oregon Coast, tsunamis},
	url = {https://www.oregongeology.org/pubs/ofr/O-20-09/O-20-09_report.pdf },
	author = {Gabel, Laura L. S. and O{\textquoteright}Brien, Fletcher and Allan, Jonathan C.}
}
@article {83029,
	title = {Eocene initiation of the Cascadia subduction zone:  A second example of plume-induced subduction initiation?},
	journal = {Geosphere},
	volume = {15 },
	number = {3},
	year = {2019},
	note = {In this article, the authors postulate a fascinating scenario to explain the development of the Cascadia Subduction Zone. The authors theorize that the Yellowstone mantle plume head {\textquotedblleft}destroyed the existing Cordilleran subduction zone and allowed the new Cascadia subduction zone to form by collapse of thermally weakened oceanic lithosphere over the hot western margin of the plume head.{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract) This is an elegant approach that solves problems and answers questions. Nicely illustrated.},
	pages = {p.659{\textendash}681},
	keywords = {geology, paleosciences},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1130/GES02050.1 },
	url = {https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geosphere/article/15/3/659/569925/Eocene-initiation-of-the-Cascadia-subduction-zone },
	author = {Stern, Robert J. and Dumitru, Trevor A.}
}
@mastersthesis {82866,
	title = {The Effects of X-Ray CT Scanning on Microbial Communities in Sediment Cores},
	year = {2018},
	note = {X-ray CT scans of sediment cores have proved valuable tools for visualizing and analyzing the cores without disturbing them.  Geologists are interested in the microbial communities present in the cores; however, X-Rays are known to kill cells.  This Honors thesis discusses research done in 2017 on the potential harm that the scans might do to microbes in sediment cores. {\textquotedblleft}With the knowledge gained from my study I was able determine how CT scanning affected microbial community data in geological cores I used, and whether physical and chemical properties of the cores played a role in how CT scanning impacted the microbial communities. I also determined that, according to the conditions used in my study, different approaches will not be needed to preserve microbial features in geological cores that are scanned using X-ray CT, and I therefore concluded that current approaches are appropriate for continued use.{\textquotedblright} (p.18)  Nicely illustrated.},
	pages = {22 p.},
	school = {Oregon State University},
	type = {Honors Bachelor of Science Thesis},
	edition = {H.B.S. (Honors Bachelor of Science)},
	chapter = {Dept. of Microbiology},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {bacteria, geology, Netarts Bay, paleosciences, sediments, X-ray computed tomography},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/honors_college_theses/bz60d350s },
	author = {Ewton, Erica M.}
}
@article {82871,
	title = {The effects of X-ray CT scanning on microbial communities in sediment cores [abstract]},
	journal = {American Geophysical Union.  Meeting.  Fall Meeting [abstracts]},
	number = {OS23D-1657},
	year = {2018},
	note = {X-ray CT scans of sediment cores have proved valuable tools for visualizing and analyzing the cores without disturbing them.  Geologists are interested in the microbial communities present in the cores; however, X-Rays are known to kill cells.  This abstract discusses preliminary research on the potential harm that the scans might do to microbes in sediment cores.},
	month = {2018, Dec.11},
	pages = {1 p.},
	keywords = {bacteria, geology, Netarts Bay, paleosciences, sediments, X-ray computed tomography},
	url = {https://agu.confex.com/agu/fm18/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/441524 },
	author = {Ewton, Erica M. and Colwell, F. S. and Klasek, S. and Peck, E. K. and Weist, J.}
}
@mastersthesis {82886,
	title = {From the Shoreface to the Foredunes : Coastal Morphodynamics Across the Land-Sea Interface},
	year = {2018},
	note = {{\textquotedblleft}Coastal flooding and erosion are major concerns for low lying coastal communities{\textendash} particularly in light of accelerated sea level rise and climate change.  To improve quantitative understanding of the physical drivers of both flooding and coastal landscape change, this dissertation explores coastal morphodynamics bridging the land-sea interface on modally dissipative beaches throughout the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW).{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract)  Although this doctoral dissertation focuses most intently on the Oysterville area, beaches at the Netarts Littoral Cell, Agate Beach and South Beach, Oregon and their erosional trends are also discussed.},
	pages = {159 p.},
	school = {Oregon State University},
	type = {Doctoral dissertation},
	edition = {Ph. D.},
	chapter = {College of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Geology},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Agate Beach, coastal dunes, coastal hazards, El Nino, erosion, geology, Long Beach (Wa.), Netarts Bay, Oysterville (Wa.), South Beach, wave height, weather},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/1n79h955b },
	author = {Cohn, Nicholas T.}
}
@book {80576,
	title = {The Northwest Coastal Explorer:  Your Guide to the Places, Plants, and Animals of the Pacific Coast},
	year = {2016},
	note = {Here{\textquoteright}s a guidebook with a difference.  Although suggested Pacific Northwest trips are included, this book is less about destinations and much more about the journey and what will be found along the way.  Packed with beautiful photographs and page-long descriptions of the plants and animals of the Northwest Coast, this book will inform and delight. For succinct descriptions of the life of the region, from the sea palm to the brown pelican, from the mole crab to the Roosevelt elk, this is the place to go for succinct species descriptions at a popular level.},
	pages = {283 p.},
	publisher = {Timber Pr},
	organization = {Timber Pr},
	chapter = {283 p.},
	address = {Portland, Or.},
	keywords = {amphibians, aquatic invertebrates, aquatic plants, biology, birds, general, general ecosystem description, geology, mammals, oceanography, terrestrial plants, tourism},
	author = {Steelquist, Robert}
}
@article {76986,
	title = {Coastal Flood Hazard Study, Tillamook County, Oregon},
	volume = {no.47},
	year = {2015},
	note = {This is a technical document giving the factors and assumptions behind the flood hazard study. There are some colored maps and discussions of some sites, but it does not give the final maps.  {\textquotedblleft}The objective of the Tillamook County coastal flood hazard project is to develop a digital flood insurance rate map (DFIRM) and flood insurance study (FIS) report for Tillamook County, Oregon...{\textquotedblright} (p.1)},
	pages = {274 p.},
	keywords = {Bayocean Spit, Cape Meares, Cascade Head, climate, coastal hazards, erosion, flooding, geography, geology, Manzanita (Or.), Neskowin (Or.), Nestucca River estuary, Nestucca Spit, Netarts Bay, Netarts Spit, Oceanside (Or.), Pacific City (Or.), paleosciences, precipitation, Rockaway (Or.), Salmon River, Sand Lake, Tillamook Bay, Tillamook County (Or.)},
	url = {https://pubs.oregon.gov/dogami/sp/SP-47.pdf},
	author = {Allan, Jonathan C. and Ruggiero, Peter and Garcia, Gabriel and O{\textquoteright}Brien, Fletcher E. and Stimely, Laura L. and Roberts, Jed T.}
}
@article {76671,
	title = {Incorporating climate change and morphological uncertainty into coastal change hazard assessments},
	journal = {Natural Hazards},
	volume = {75},
	year = {2015},
	note = {{\textquotedblleft}Documented and forecasted trends in rising sea levels and changes in storminess patterns have the potential to increase the frequency, magnitude, and spatial extent of coastal change hazards. To develop realistic adaptation strategies, coastal planners need information about coastal change hazards that recognizes the dynamic temporal and spatial scales of beach morphology, the climate controls on coastal change hazards, and the uncertainties surrounding the drivers and impacts of climate change. We present a probabilistic approach for quantifying and mapping coastal change hazards that incorporates the uncertainty associated with both climate change and morphological variability.{\textquotedblright}  Their study was based on Tillamook County littoral cells.},
	pages = {p. 2081{\textendash}2102},
	keywords = {climate change, coastal hazards, computer modeling, erosion, flooding, geology, Nehalem Bay, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, Sand Lake, sea levels, Tillamook Bay, Tillamook County (Or.), wave heights},
	doi = {10.1007/s11069-014-1417-8},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/articles/ft848s22n},
	author = {Baron, Heather M. and Ruggiero, Peter and Wood, Nathan J. and Harris, Erica L. and Allan, Jonathan and Komar, Paul D. and Corcoran, Patrick}
}
@article {76951,
	title = {Maximum-recorded overland run-ups of major nearfield paleotsunamis during the past 3000 years along the Cascadia margin, USA, and Canada},
	journal = {Natural Hazards},
	volume = {77},
	year = {2015},
	note = {What does the past tell us about how far inland tsunamis might strike after a great earthquake in the Pacific Northwest?  This paper recounts a study of tsunami run-ups over the past 3,000 years in our region.  The authors estimate that the central part of the Cascadia region might expect {\textquotedblleft}shoreline inundation heights of up to 14{\textendash}15 {\textpm} 2 m.{\textquotedblright} (p.2023)  They warn that, {\textquotedblleft}Coastal communities should plan for the maximum paleotsunami run-ups as recorded at the nearest reliable run-up  localities.{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract)},
	month = {2015, Jul.},
	pages = {p.2005-2026},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Beaver Creek, Bradley Creek, Cannon Beach, coastal hazards, earthquakes, geology, Moore Creek, Netarts Bay, paleosciences, Seaside (Or.), tsunamis},
	doi = {10.1007/s11069-015-1689-7},
	author = {Peterson, Curt D. and Carver, Gary A. and Clague, John J. and Cruikshank, Kenneth M}
}
@article {76911,
	title = {A sea-level database for the Pacific coast of central North America},
	journal = {Quaternary Science Reviews},
	volume = {113},
	year = {2015},
	note = {When the glaciers melted at the end of the last ice age, sea levels along the Pacific Coast of North America did not rise uniformly.  Areas where the earth had been pressed down by the weight of glaciers saw relatively little sea level rise, as the land rebounded when the weight was removed.  Sites further away from the great glaciers saw higher sea levels.  In this paper, the authors describe a database of sea levels and reference points for the last 16,000 years in our area.  Appendices give reference points, descriptions, and referenced publications.  Interestingly, Alsea Bay in Appendix 1 is spelled {\textquotedblleft}Alsey Bay.{\textquotedblright}},
	month = {2015, Apr. 1},
	pages = {p.78-92},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Coos Bay, Coquille River, geology, Glaciation, Nehalem River, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, paleosciences, Salmon River, sea level, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River estuary, Yaquina Bay},
	doi = {10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.001},
	author = {Engelhart, Simon E. and Vacchi, Matteo and Horton, Benjamin P. and Nelson, Alan R. and Kopp, Robert E.}
}
@article {76941,
	title = {Spatial, temporal and palaeoecological significance of exhumed firmgrounds and other associated substrate types in Netarts Bay, Oregon, USA},
	journal = {Lethaia},
	volume = {48},
	year = {2015},
	note = {This is a very interesting paper about trace fossils in Netarts Bay.  The author found stratigraphically significant assemblages of burrows and wood borings.  Geologic map, color photographs and nice schematic diagrams. The vocabulary is rather specialized.},
	month = {2015, Oct},
	pages = {p.436-455},
	keywords = {geology, Netarts Bay, paleontology, paleosciences, sediments, trace fossils},
	doi = {10.1111/let.12116},
	author = {Hodgson, Cheryl A. and Gingras, Murray K. and Zonneveld, John-Paul}
}
@article {76891,
	title = {Stratigraphic and microfossil evidence for a 4500-year history of Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes and tsunamis at Yaquina River estuary, Oregon, USA},
	journal = {Geological Society of America Bulletin, },
	volume = {127},
	number = {1-2},
	year = {2015},
	note = {There{\textquoteright}s a freshwater spruce swamp buried near the northeastern shore of Sally{\textquoteright}s Bend in Yaquina Bay.  Sediment cores show 8-10 different soil sequences buried there, going back about 4500 years before the present.  Each sequence terminates abruptly with a sandy deposit and then over 10 centimeters of mud.  The authors of this paper infer that {\textquotedblleft}each buried soil represents a Cascadia subduction zone earthquake{\textellipsis}{\textquotedblright} (from the Abstract)  The article includes maps of the bay, and show locations of previous research by other scientists. The Yaquina Bay sequence is compared with sequences from other Oregon estuaries.},
	pages = {p.211-226},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Cannon Beach, coastal hazards, Coos Bay, Coquille River, earthquakes, geology, Netarts Bay, paleosciences, Sally{\textquoteright}s Bend, Salmon River, sediments, Sixes River, South Slough, tsunamis, Yaquina Bay, Yaquina River Estuary},
	doi = {10.1130/B31074.1},
	author = {Graehl, Nicholas A. and Kelsey, Harvey M. and Witter, Robert C. and Hemphill-Haley, Eileen and Engelhart, Simon E.}
}
@article {54886,
	title = {Tsunami impact to Washington and northern Oregon from segment ruptures on the southern Cascadia subduction zone},
	journal = {Natural Hazards},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2014},
	note = {All who live on the West Coast of the United States should be aware of the possibility of a major  earthquake occurring.  But what if only a part of the subduction zone ruptures?  This article examines a possible rupture in the southern half of the Cascadia Subduction Zone (south of Alsea Bay, Oregon).  The authors ask important questions. How quickly does tsunami wave height decline north of the southern rupture areas?  How much time do communities north of the southern rupture areas have to evacuate before the first inundation and the largest inundation occur? How far north of the southern rupture areas will felt shaking likely trigger evacuation of a populace trained to evacuate for a local earthquake? (p.851) The authors address these questions using a 10,000-year record of offshore turbedite deposits and  a ~4,600-year record of tsunami deposits at Bradley Lake.},
	month = {2014, Jun.},
	pages = {p.849-870},
	keywords = {Bandon (Or.), Brookings (Or.), Cannon Beach (Or.), Cape Blanco, coastal hazards, Columbia River, Coos Bay, Crescent City (Cal.), Depoe Bay (Or.), earthquakes, Florence (Or.), geology, Gold Beach (Or.), Grays Harbor (Wa.), Lincoln City (Or.), Long Beach (Wa.), Manzanita (Or.), Netarts Bay, Newport (Or.), Pacific City (Or.), paleosciences, Port Orford (Or.), Rockaway (Or.), Seaside (Or.), Tillamook Bay, tsunamis, Waldport (Or.), Winchester Bay},
	doi = {10.1007/s11069-014-1041-7},
	author = {Priest, George R. and Zhang, Yinglong and Witter, Robert C. and Wang, Kelin and Goldfinger, Chris and Stimely, Laura L.}
}
@article {54626,
	title = {Intertidal animal-sediment interactions of the outer-middle to exposed spit regions of Netarts Bay, Oregon, USA [abstract only]},
	journal = {Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America},
	year = {2013},
	note = {This very interesting abstract discusses a study of areas in Netarts Bay, looking particularly to trace fossils and sediments to describe different environments. The goal is then to look at paleosediments and see what can be learned about different ancient depositional environments.  This was a poster at the Fall, 2013 GSA meeting.},
	month = {2013, Oct. 27-30},
	pages = {1 p.},
	keywords = {abundance, aquatic invertebrates, fossils, geology, Netarts Bay, Netarts Spit, paleontology, sediments, trace fossils, zonal distribution},
	url = {https://gsa.confex.com/gsa/2013AM/webprogram/Paper229902.html },
	author = {Hodgson, Cheryl and Timmer, Eric and Shchepetkina, Alina and Gingras, Murray and Zonneveld, John-Paul}
}
@article {54621,
	title = {Oregon beach shoreline mapping and analysis program: quantifying short- to long-term beach and shoreline changes in the Gold Beach, Nesika Beach, and Netarts littoral cells, Curry and Tillamook counties, Oregon.},
	volume = {no.0-13-07},
	year = {2013},
	note = {This report provides a valuable look at contemporary erosion on selected locations on the Oregon coast.  The report for the Netarts littoral cell has ominous warnings. {\textquotedblleft}Unless conditions change soon, continued erosion along Netarts Spit will lead to spit breaching and could eventually impact bay hydrodynamics.{\textquotedblright} (p.40) The effects of the 2009-2010 El Ni{\~n}o are noted.},
	pages = {43 p.},
	institution = {Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries. Coastal Field Office,},
	address = {Newport, Or.},
	keywords = {coastal hazards, El Nino, erosion, geology, Gold Beach, Happy Camp (Oregon), Nesika Beach, Netarts Bay, Netarts Spit, Oceanside (Oregon), paleosciences, sediments, The Capes},
	url = {https://library.state.or.us/repository/2013/201311071454424/index.pdf},
	author = {Allan, Jonathan C. and Stimely, Laura L. and Oregon Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries, Coastal Field Office,}
}
@mastersthesis {76616,
	title = {Sedimentology and Neoichnology of a Wave-Dominated, Tidally-Influenced, Fully Marine Bay, Oregon, USA},
	year = {2013},
	note = {Ichnology is the study of the traces animals leave behind them as they interact with the environment. Ichnology is primarily the study of trace fossils, which adds a dimension to the study of the paleoenvironment.  Neoichnology is the study of contemporary traces.  Information gleaned about traces left behind in the here-and-now can help inform understanding of traces in the fossil record.  This M.S. thesis is a fascinating account of traces found along numerous transects throughout Netarts Bay. Illustrated with color photographs and charts, this thesis offers a rewarding look at the traces of animals{\textquoteright} presences in a dynamic marine environment.},
	pages = {285 p.},
	school = {University of Alberta},
	type = {Masters Thesis},
	edition = {M.S.},
	chapter = {Dept. of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences},
	address = {Edmonton, Alberta, Canada},
	keywords = {aquatic invertebrates, geology, marine algae, Netarts Bay, paleosciences, sediments, species list, theses, zoology},
	url = {https://era.library.ualberta.ca/items/2f44a0ea-87b8-495d-ad09-52e1095160eb},
	author = {Hodgson, Cheryl Anne}
}
@article {82661,
	title = {Soil survey of Tillamook County, Oregon},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013, Jul.},
	pages = {1518 p.},
	institution = {United States Natural Resources Conservation Service},
	address = { Washington, D.C, },
	keywords = {geology, sediments, soils},
	url = {https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/oregon/tillamookOR2013/TillamookOR.pdf},
	author = {Filmore, Matthew H. and Shipman, John A. and U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service. and U.S. Forest Service,}
}
@inbook {36371,
	title = {U.S. Pacific Northwest coastal hazards:  tectonic and climate controls},
	booktitle = {Coastal Hazards},
	series = {Coastal Research Library},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2012},
	note = {This is a comprehensive, up-to-date and important discussion of coastal hazards. There{\textquoteright}s an excellent discussion of historic problems, a good look at current issues, and a chilling discussion of the implications of rising sea levels and climate change.  Charts, b+w and color photographs.  Anyone considering purchasing property at the coast should read this first.},
	publisher = {Springer Science Media},
	organization = {Springer Science Media},
	chapter = {Chapter 21},
	address = {Dordrecht Netherlands},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Alsea Spit, Bayocean Spit, Cape Lookout State Park, climate change, coastal hazards, Columbia River, dunes, earthquakes, El Nino, erosion, flooding, geology, Gleneden Beach, historical, jetties, Lincoln City (Or.), Lincoln City Littoral Cell, minerals, Neskowin (Or.), Nestucca River, Nestucca Spit, Netarts Bay, Netarts Spit, Newport (Or.), Pacific City (Or.), Rockaway (Or.), sea level, sediments, Siletz Bay, Siletz Spit, tidal data, Tillamook Bay, tsunamis, wave heights, Willapa Bay, Yaquina Bay},
	isbn = { 9789400752344},
	doi = {10.1007/978-94-007-5234-4},
	author = {Komar, Paul D. and Allan, Jonathan C. and Ruggiero, Peter}
}
@proceedings {13541,
	title = {{\textquotedblleft}Design with Nature{\textquotedblright} strategies for shore protection: the construction of a cobble berm and artificial dune in an Oregon state park},
	volume = {no. 2010-5254},
	year = {2010},
	note = {In 1999, after a protective dune ridge eroded away, Cape Lookout State Park experienced significant erosion following a severe winter storm. "It was apparent that some form of shore protection was needed, but it was decided that a conventional riprap revetment or seawall would be incompatible with this natural park setting. Instead, the decision was to construct a cobble berm that is effectively the same in appearance and in its dynamics to a natural cobble beach, backed by an artificial dune that is reinforced by a core of sand-filled geotextile bags." (from the Introduction) This report describes the successes and limitations of this form of coastal erosion control.  The full conference proceedings may be found at:  http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5254/pdf/sir20105254.pdf},
	pages = {p.117-126},
	keywords = {Cape Lookout State Park, coastal dunes, coastal hazards, erosion, geology, Netarts Bay, Netarts Spit},
	url = {https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2010/5254/pdf/sir20105254_chap12.pdf},
	author = {Komar, Paul D. and Allan, Jonathan C.},
	editor = {Shipman, Hugh and Dethier, Megan N. and Gelfenbaum, Guy and Fresh, Kurt L. and Dinicola, Richard S.}
}
@inbook {51326,
	title = {Impacts of climate change on Oregon{\textquoteright}s coasts and estuaries},
	booktitle = {Oregon Climate Assessment Report},
	year = {2010},
	note = {This is Chapter 6 of the Oregon Climate Assessment Report. Predicts {\textquotedblleft}Increased winter{\textendash}early spring flow of coastal rivers and creeks and reduced flow during summer{\textquotedblright} for the Umpqua River (p.242)},
	pages = {p.211-268},
	publisher = {Oregon State University. College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences. Oregon Climate Change Research Institute,},
	organization = {Oregon State University. College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences. Oregon Climate Change Research Institute,},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Alsea Spit, bacteria, Bayocean Spit, climate change, climate precipitation, coastal hazards, Columbia River estuary, Coos Bay, dissolved oxygen, El Nino, erosion, estuaries, geology, landslides, Nehalem Bay, Nehalem Spit, Neskowin (Or.), Netarts Bay, ocean acidification, Rockaway Beach, salinity, Salmon River Estuary, sea level, Siletz Bay, Tillamook Bay, water temperature, wave heights, Yachats River, Yaquina Bay},
	url = {https://digital.osl.state.or.us/islandora/object/osl\%3A637577},
	author = {Ruggiero, Peter and Brown, Cheryl A. and Komar, Paul D. and Allan, Jonathan C. and Reusser, Deborah A. and Lee II, Henry},
	editor = {Dello, Kathie and Mote, Philip W.}
}
@article {13571,
	title = {Rupture area and displacement of past Cascadia great earthquakes from coastal coseismic subsidence},
	volume = {122},
	number = {no.11-12},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {p.2079-2096},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, Coos Bay, Coquille River, earthquakes, geology, Necanicum River, Nehalem River, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, Salmon River, sediments, Siletz Bay, Siuslaw River, Sixes River, Tillamook Bay, tsunamis, Umpqua River, Yaquina Bay},
	doi = {10.1130/B30108.1},
	author = {Leonard, Lucinda J. and Currie, Claire A. and Mazzotti, Stephane and Hyndman, Roy D.}
}
@article {13706,
	title = {Coast hazards and management issues on the Oregon Coast: coastal workshop, Lincoln City, Oregon, field trip to the Oregon Coast},
	volume = {no. O-04-18},
	year = {2004},
	note = {CD-ROM.  On the Netarts Littoral cell, from Neskowin to the cobble revetment put in at Cape Lookout State Park to prevent erosion in El Nino years.},
	month = {2004},
	institution = {State of Oregon, Dept. of Geology and Mineral Industries},
	address = {[Portland, Or.] :},
	keywords = {Cape Lookout State Park, coastal hazards, coastal processes, erosion, geology, Netarts Sand Spit},
	url = {https://www.oregongeology.org/pubs/ofr/O-04-18.pdf},
	author = {Allan, Jonathan C. and Komar, Paul D. and Priest, George R.}
}
@article {13736,
	title = {Cascadia tsunami deposit database [electronic resource]},
	volume = {no.03-13},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {24 p.},
	address = {[Menlo Park, Calif.]},
	keywords = {bibliography, coastal hazards, earthquakes, geology, landslides, tsunamis},
	url = {https://www.usgs.gov/publications/cascadia-tsunami-deposit-database},
	author = {Peters, Robert and Jaffe, Bruce and Gelfenbaum, Guy and Peterson, Curt D.}
}
@article {13756,
	title = {An application of LIDAR to analyses of El Nino erosion in the Netarts Llttoral cell, Oregon},
	volume = {18},
	number = {4},
	year = {2002},
	note = {"El Nino produces coastal and beach erosion along the West Coast of the USA by elevating mean water levels so that tides are significantly higher than predicted, and by altering the paths of storms that generate large waves." (from the Abstract) Study used LIDAR to document shoreline changes in the Netarts littoral cell that took place during the 1997-98 El Nino.},
	pages = {p.792-801},
	abstract = {El Nino produces coastal and beach erosion along the West Coast of the USA by elevating mean water levels so that tides are significantly higher than predicted, and by altering the paths of storms that generate large waves. In the past it has been difficult to adequately document the erosion impacts since they are so widespread. This difficulty has been solved through the application of LIDAR, which uses a scanning laser mounted in a small aircraft to rapidly and accurately survey beach elevations. This study uses LIDAR to document the beach changes and shoreline erosion that occurred during the 1997-98 El Nino within the Netarts Littoral Cell on the Oregon coast, a 14-km long "pocket beach" between large rocky headlands. The LIDAR surveys demonstrate that sand generally migrated northward within the cell due to the southwest approach of the El Nino storm waves, but there was a complex pattern of beach-elevation change due to the superposition of eroded rip-current embayments. The greatest beach erosion occurred near the south end of the cell, where it impacted Cape Lookout State Park, and to the north of the inlet to Netarts Bay where it threatened The Capes, a development of condominiums located on a high bluff. In both cases the LIDAR data proved to be extremely useful in quantifying the erosion, and in providing a better understanding of the erosion processes that occur during an El Nino.},
	keywords = {coastal processes, erosion, geology},
	author = {Revell, David L. and Komar, Paul D. and Sallenger, Asbury H.}
}
@article {13821,
	title = {Geographic signature of North American west coast estuaries},
	volume = {23},
	number = {no.6},
	year = {2000},
	note = {General review.  Netarts Bay is classified as a bar-built estuary. Because some of the authors were Federal employees, this is an open-access publication.},
	month = {2000},
	pages = {p.765-792},
	abstract = {West Coast estuaries are geologically young and composed of a variety of geomorphological types. These estuaries range from large fjords to shallow lagoons; from large to low freshwater flows. Natural hazards include El Ninos, strong Pacific storms, and active tectonic activity. West Coast estuaries support a wide range of living resources: five salmon species, harvestable shellfish, waterfowl and marine birds, marine mammals, and a variety of algae and plants. Although populations of many of these living resources have declined (salmonids), others have increased (marine mammals). West Coast estuaries are also centers of commerce and increasingly large shipping traffic. The West Coast human population is rising faster than most other areas of the U. S. and Canada, and is distributed heavily in southern California, the San Francisco Bay area, around Puget Sound, and the Fraser River estuary. While water pollution is a problem in many of the urbanized estuaries, most estuaries do not suffer from poor water quality. Primary estuarine problems include habitat alterations, degradation, and loss; diverted freshwater flows; marine sediment contamination; and exotic species introductions. The growing West Coast economy and population are in part related to the quality of life, which is dependent on the use and enjoyment of abundant coastal natural resources.},
	keywords = {economics, geography, geology, human use and impacts, Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp., primary production, water pollution},
	doi = {10.2307/1352998},
	url = {https://wwwrcamnl.wr.usgs.gov/tracel/references/pdf/Estuaries_v23n6p765.pdf},
	author = {Emmett, Robert L. and Lianso, Roberto and Newton, Jan and Thom, Ron and Mi Helle, Hornberger and Morgan, Heryl and Levings, Olin and Opping, Andrea and Fishman, Paul}
}
@article {13881,
	title = {Models of rapid relative sea-level change in Washington and Oregon, USA},
	volume = {8},
	number = {2},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Discusses the history of sea-level changes due to seismic disturbances in the Pacific Northwest. Uses the Johns River in Washington State and Netarts Bay in Oregon as data sources. Discusses possible models for rapid sea-level changes.  Maps, charts.},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {129-142},
	abstract = {Much geological evidence points to repeated plate-boundary earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone, Pacific Northwest USA. Current land motions, calculated using short-term (100 yr) tide gauge, repeat levelling and other geodetic data, record deformation during the present interseismic period. These short-term data form the basis of efforts to model longer-term plate-boundary deformation and assess seismic hazard in this region. In this paper we use relative sea-level (RSL) data from the last 4000 cal. yr BP to examine four aspects of these plate-boundary deformation models over several earthquake cycles: rates of isostatic rebound, the spatial pattern and magnitude of coseismic deformation, and rates of interseismic strain accumulation. Age/altitude plots of RSL data from a 300-km-long string of sites stretching from Copalis River (central Washington) to Alsea Bay (central Oregon) reveal a systematic north- south decline in the rate of isostatic rebound equal to c. 0.25 +- 0.02 mm yr1 100 km 1 . High precision microfossil and RSL data from Johns River (Washington) and Netarts Bay (Oregon) register repeated episodes of late-Holocene coseismic submergence. This is contrary to the coseismic uplift expected, based on differences in uplift rates calculated using late-Quaternary marine terrace data from the region. Moreover, the magnitudes of coseismic submergence inferred from these RSL data are typically half the modelled predictions based on current deformation rates. Lastly, we identify evidence from Netarts Bay for pre-seismic RSL rise of up to 0.4 mm yr1 in the decades immediately preceding each episode of marsh burial. Together, our findings shine new light on models of rapid relative sea-level rise in the Pacific Northwest, and highlight the need to strengthen further the dialogue between long-term geological and short-term geodetic studies in this region.},
	keywords = {coastal hazards, geology, Netarts Bay},
	author = {Long, A. J. and Shennan, I.}
}
@article {13901,
	title = {Tidal marsh stratigraphy, sea-level change and large earthquakes-II: submergence events during the last 3500 years at Netarts Bay, Oregon, USA},
	volume = {17},
	number = {no.4},
	year = {1998},
	note = {Investigates "peat-mud couplets" - alternating layers of peat and mud. Finds three peat-mud couplets showing gradual sedimentation changes and four couplets showing rapid subsidence indicative of large earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone. Examines hypotheses regarding the details of these cycles.},
	month = {1998},
	pages = {p.365-393},
	abstract = {This is the second investigation where we apply the methods and scientific framework common to sea-level investigations in northwest Europe to test a model of coseismic land subsidence followed by land uplift during interseismic strain accumulation, used to explain alternating peat-mud couplets of late Holocene age found in many of the estuaries of the Pacific Northwest of the USA and Canada. Recent studies in this region interpret such couplets as the product of repeated large (magnitude 8 or 9) earthquakes on the Cascadia subduction zone. Stratigraphic investigations of the intertidal sediments at Netarts Bay, Oregon, using lithological, pollen and diatom analyses reveal different types of submergence associated with peat-mud couplets during the last 3500yr. Three peat-mud couplets record gradual sedimentation changes within an infilling body of water. Four other couplets record rapid submergence, burial of tidal marshes and their replacement by low marsh environments. In three of the events rapid submergence is small, 0-0.5m. The most recent marsh submergence event, around AD 1700, was 0.4+/-0.3m. Most of the buried peats contain microfossil evidence for a gradual increase in marine influence before the rapid change from organic to minerogenic sedimentation. Similar gradual changes are common in comparable pale environments on non-seismic coasts and are strong evidence against a simple interseismic strain accumulation-coseismic subsidence model. One hypothesis is that the gradual increase in marine influence before each submergence represents pre-seismic relative sea-level rise caused by a reduction in the rate of land uplift. The microfossil analyses provide evidence of three stages within an earthquake deformation cycle: coseismic subsidence; interseismic land uplift; and pre-seismic reduction in the rate of land uplift. At present the microfossil data do not differentiate between rapid post-seismic land uplift and rapid sedimentation.},
	keywords = {coastal hazards, geology, tsunamis},
	author = {Shennan, I. and Long, A. and Rutherford, M. M. and Innes, J.B. and Green, F.M. and Walker, K.J.}
}
@book {14016,
	title = {Improving natural hazards management on the Oregon coast},
	series = {ORESU-T},
	volume = {no.94-002},
	year = {1994},
	note = {This report addresses 23 issues, organized in four categories: hazard identification, beach and shore protection, land use, and disaster preparedness and response. The group makes 79 recommendations and suggests those actions and agencies, organizations, or institutions that could best implement each recommendation.},
	pages = {162 p},
	publisher = {Oregon Sea Grant. Oregon State University,},
	organization = {Oregon Sea Grant. Oregon State University,},
	address = {Corvallis, OR},
	keywords = {coastal hazards, coastal processes, earthquakes, environmental policy and law, erosion, geology, land use, landslides, tsunamis},
	url = {http://library.state.or.us/repository/2012/201204021625351/},
	author = {Coastal Natural Hazards Policy Working Group, and U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and Oregon State University. Sea Grant College Program and Oregon. Legislative Assembly,}
}
@article {14056,
	title = {Coastal barrier resource system: Portions of Netarts and Sand Lake, Oregon quadrangles},
	year = {1993},
	note = {Relief shown using contours and spot heights.  "This map has been produced by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service pursuant to the Coastal Barrier Improvement Act P.L. 101-591. This map supersedes all previous maps prepared by the Service concerning undeveloped Pacific coastal barriers."},
	month = {1993},
	pages = {1 sheet},
	publisher = {U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service},
	type = {blueline},
	address = {Washington, D.C.},
	keywords = {coastal processes, geology, map}
}
@article {14061,
	title = {Field trip guide to Cascadia paleoseismic evidence along the northern Oregon coast: Evidence of subduction zone seismicity in the central Cascadia margin.},
	volume = {55},
	number = {no.5},
	year = {1993},
	note = {This scientific article describes geologic evidence of subduction zone seismicity on the northern half of the Oregon coastline.  Field trip covers territory from the Columbia River to Gleneden Beach near the Siletz estuary.  Photographs, maps, charts.},
	pages = {p.99-114},
	keywords = {coastal processes, earthquakes, geology, Millport Slough, Neawanna Creek, Necanicum River, Neskowin Creek, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, Netarts Marsh, Salishan Spit, sediments, Siletz Bay, tsunamis, Wee Willie{\textquoteright}s},
	url = {https://library.state.or.us/repository/2010/201009071430032/1993-05.pdf},
	author = {Peterson, C.D. and Darienzo, Mark Edward}
}
@mastersthesis {14116,
	title = {Late Holocene Paleoseismicity along the Northern Oregon Coast},
	year = {1991},
	note = {Maps, drawings of core samples. Describes studies on the Necanicum, Nestucca, Siletz and Yaquina bays, which were correlated with earlier work he did on Netarts and Alsea Bays.  Found up to six paleoseismic events in the last 2600 years, most of which could be correlated from bay to bay. This work suggests that the magnitude of prehistoric earthquakes in the region was around 8.1. },
	pages = {167 p.},
	school = {Portland State Univeristy},
	type = {Doctoral Dissertation},
	edition = {Ph. D.},
	chapter = {Environmental Sciences and Resources:  Geology},
	address = {Portland, Or.},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, coastal hazards, earthquakes, geology, Necanicum River estuary, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, paleosciences, sediment data, sediments, Siletz Bay, theses, tsunamis, Yaquina Bay},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.1146},
	url = {https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1147/},
	author = {Darienzo, Mark Edward}
}
@mastersthesis {14176,
	title = {The Oligocene and Miocene Geology of the Tillamook Embayment Tillamook County, Northwest Oregon},
	volume = { },
	year = {1990},
	note = {Extensive account of the geologic history of the area in the Oligocene and Miocene. Interestingly, the author assigns the name "Netarts Bay Member" to a part of the Astoria Formation in the area.},
	pages = {515 p.},
	school = {Oregon State University},
	edition = {M. S.},
	chapter = {Dept. of Geosciences, Geology},
	address = {Corvallis, Or.},
	keywords = {Cape Lookout, Cape Meares, geology, Netarts Bay, paleosciences, theses, Tillamook Bay},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/9s161b487},
	author = {Parker, Michael J.}
}
@article {14206,
	title = {Topo map of Netarts Bay and watershed detailing riverine, estarine and marine habitats by vegetation and geology},
	year = {1990},
	month = {1990 draft},
	publisher = {U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service},
	keywords = {estuaries, geology, map, marine habitat}
}
@article {14276,
	title = {Coastal neotectonic field trip guide for Netarts Bay, Oregon},
	volume = {50},
	number = {no.9/10},
	year = {1988},
	note = {This scientific article summarizes the geologic evidence of episodic abrupt coastal subsidence that is recorded in the late Holocene salt marshes and in uplifted Pleistocene terrace deposits of Netarts Bay. Photographs, charts, maps.  Includes rough road log with stops and descriptions of different sites.},
	pages = {p.99-106},
	keywords = {coastal processes, geology},
	url = {https://library.state.or.us/repository/2010/201009071430032/1988-09-10.pdf},
	author = {Peterson, C.D. and Darienzo, Mark Edward}
}
@mastersthesis {14306,
	title = {Late Holocene Geologic History of a Netarts Bay Salt Marsh, Northwest Oregon Coast and its Relationship to Relative Sea Level Changes},
	year = {1987},
	note = {University of Oregon M. S. thesis, 1987.  Compared seismic events at Necanicum, Nestucca, Netarts, Siletz, Yaquina and Alsea bays. Found evidence of 5-6 paleoseismic events in the last 2600 years. The author found a complex but consistent history for the evolution of the Netarts Bay salt marsh, with repetitive cycles of salt marsh growth, submergence, and re-establishment relating either to tectonic events or gradual sea level rise. },
	month = {1987},
	pages = {94 p},
	school = {University of Oregon},
	address = {Eugene},
	keywords = {Alsea Bay, earthquakes, environmental change, geology, Necanicum River estuary, Nestucca Bay, Netarts Bay, Netarts Marsh, paleosciences, Siletz Bay, theses, tidal processes, tsunamis, wetlands, Yaquina Bay},
	author = {Darienzo, Mark Edward}
}
@article {77181,
	title = {Paleogeographic evolution of the United States Pacific Northwest during Paleogene time},
	journal = {Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences},
	volume = {24},
	number = {8},
	year = {1987},
	note = {The period from 66-23.03 million years ago is known as the Paleogene.  It is the time when mammals experienced rapid evolution.  So did the Pacific Northwest.  This article summarizes the recent evolution of the region, from plate collisions to vulcanism, from faulting to sedimentation.},
	month = {08/1987},
	pages = {p.1652-1667},
	keywords = {general, geology, Pacific Northwest, paleosciences, Yachats Basalt},
	author = {Heller, Paul L. and Tabor, Rowland W. and Suczek, Christopher A.}
}
@book {14871,
	title = {Preserve Analysis : Cape Lookout},
	year = {1975},
	note = {Good overall descriptions of ownership and boundary selection, general description of setting, geology, climate, soil, vegetation, education and scientific values },
	pages = {42 p.},
	publisher = {Oregon Natural Area Preserves Advisory Committee},
	organization = {Oregon Natural Area Preserves Advisory Committee},
	address = {Salem, Or.},
	keywords = {algae, aquatic invertebrates, birds, Cape Lookout State Park, general ecosystem description, geology, Netarts Spit, spatial distribution, species list, terrestrial vegetation},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/defaults/9c67wn65w},
	author = {Juday, Glenn Patrick}
}
@book {15026,
	title = {Environmental geology of the coastal region of Tillamook and Clatsop Counties},
	series = { Bulletin / State of Oregon, Department of Geology and Mineral Industries},
	volume = {no.74},
	year = {1972},
	note = {B/w photographs, colored maps.},
	pages = {164 p},
	publisher = {Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries},
	organization = {Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries},
	address = {Portland, Or.},
	keywords = {coastal hazards, geology, hydrology, maps, Netarts Bay},
	url = {https://www.oregongeology.org/pubs/B/B-074.pdf},
	author = {Schlicker, H.G. and Deacon, R.J. and Beaulie, J. D. and Olcott, G.W. and Oregon. District 1 Council of Governments,}
}
@article {15191,
	title = {Geology of Cape Lookout State Park near Tillamook, Oregon},
	journal = {Ore Bin},
	volume = {29},
	year = {1967},
	note = {Overview of the geology of the Cape Lookout area. BW photographs, colored geological map, field trip road log.},
	pages = {p.85-109},
	keywords = {Bayocean Peninsula, Cape Lookout State Park, Cape Meares, geology, Netarts Spit, Sand Lake, Tillamook Bay},
	url = {https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/administrative_report_or_publications/rx913v51v},
	author = {Mangum, Doris}
}
@book {15231,
	title = {Soil survey, Tillamook Area, Oregon},
	series = {Soil Survey / United States. Soil Conservation Service  },
	volume = {no.18},
	year = {1964},
	month = {1964},
	pages = {75 p.},
	publisher = {United States Soil Conservation Service.   },
	organization = {United States Soil Conservation Service.   },
	keywords = {geology, sediment, soils},
	url = {https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/oregon/TillamookOR_1964/TillamookOR_1964.pdf},
	author = {Bowlsby, Clyde C. and Swanson, Richard C.}
}
@article {15241,
	title = {Tertiary geologic history of western Oregon and Washington},
	volume = {no.22},
	year = {1963},
	month = {1963},
	address = {Olympia, WA},
	keywords = {geology, paleosciences, sediment data},
	url = {https://www.dnr.wa.gov/Publications/ger_ri22_tert_geol_west_or_wa.pdf}
}
